ミカン(長崎県長崎市,西彼杵郡)JA長崎せいひ,JA全農ながさき, Mr. HIKOMA Ueno



上野彦馬氏- Graduate from Nagasaki University; Japan's First Military Camera Operator- KI(Iodine:ヨウ化カリウム;Potassium Iodide)+ AgNO3(硝酸銀;Silver Nitrate)→ AgI(Ion:ヨウ化銀;Silver Iodide)+ KNO3(硝酸塩, Potassium Nitrate), AgI+2Na2S2O3(チオ硫酸ナトリウム;Sodium Thiosulfate)→Na2(Ag(S2O3)2)+ NaI(ヨウ化ナトリウム;Sodium Iodide):『1862, 舎密局必携』, The Chemical Society of Japan,化学遺産認定,No. 34
【製品名(商品名)】
マーコット
【種類】
Citrus reticulata cv. Marcott
【生産地】
長崎県諫早市,西彼杵郡長与町,時津町,西海市,長崎市
【名前の由来】
Derived from Charles Markot Smith.
【主な特徴】
『Agricultural cooperative Nagasaki-Seihi』Located in southwestern Nagasaki prefecture.The main agricultural products are Mandarin oranges(Production accounts for about 60% of the prefecture's production), which make up the majority of the prefecture's produce, and Loquat, which boasts the highest production volume in Japan.JA original brand of beef cattle「Dejima- Barairo」:2012:第10回全国和牛能力共進会:Japan's number one and highly rated by the market.『Nagasaki Japanese beef cow』, Producers registered in the Nagasaki Wagyu Producer Registration System.It's defined as a generic term for Japanese beef produced for the purpose of fattening.It can be raised with great care and affection in a blessed natural environment, which is relatively cool in summer and relatively warm in winter.The origin of Wagyu beef in Nagasaki is old,Bovine bones and teeth from the Yayoi period 2,200-2,300 years ago were discovered from archeological sites in Nagasaki Prefecture.Since it is an introduction to Nagasaki, I will introduce it from a city that I have a deep feeling for (although it is not in the jurisdiction).「Isahaya City」,It is located almost in the center of the prefecture.It faces three seas with different characteristics: the tidal flat Ariake Sea in the east, the inland sea Omura Bay in the west, and the open sea Tachibana Bay in the south.The Honmyo River is the only first-class river in the prefecture that flows through the beautifully towering mountains of the Tatara Mountains and the central part of the city.Downstream of it is a vast reclaimed land, blessed with a rich and diverse natural environment.The Isahaya Plain, formed by reclamation for more than 400 years, is the largest breadbasket in the prefecture.The fertile hills are a specialty of vegetables, strawberries and mandarin oranges.It has an industrial park, which is one of the prefecture's leading industrial clusters, and has the second largest shipment value of manufactured goods in the prefecture.One city and five towns merged on March 1, 2005.We are promoting town development aiming at the realization of "Isahaya, a creative city where humans shine."It is warm all year round, with little winter snow, and has a good balance of rich nature and transportation access.With a total area of ​​341.79 km2, annual average temperature, about 16.4 ° C, annual precipitation of about 2,329.It is one of the leading potato producing areas in Japan and is produced in the Iimori / Uki area.It is harvested twice a year in spring and autumn, but it is the first crop in Hokkaido.It is also famous as a production center for spring queen of the may, and 70% of the prefecture's production.You can also enjoy the differences between varieties such as ‘Nishiyutaka’ and ‘Aiyutaka’.The No. 1 fruit in yield is the birthplace of mandarin orange in Nagasaki Prefecture, where the Ikiriki district of Tarami began cultivating more than 230 years ago.Ikiriki Mandarin Orange It is said to be the "ancestor of Japanese Citrus unshiu".Takaki / Konagai area, etc.The foot of Mt.Tatara is also a sweet mandarin orange producing area, and the season is from November to December.「Isahaya Onion」:It has a long history, and has been elaborated mainly in the Nagata area since Meiji more than 100 years ago.The new Onion, which is shipped from April to May and is shipped from April, is characterized by its softness and strong sweetness. You can eat it raw as it is.「Carrot」:It is made next to potatoes in the fields of the Iimori and Uki districts.There are various varieties such as "Aikou", "Beni-hinata" and "Keikou".All of them are characterized by being soft and colorful, and it is said that winter is the season.「Cherry tomatoes」:Isahaya Bay's reclaimed land and Moriyama / Nagata districts are characterized by their sweetness and darkness.Since the reclaimed land was originally the sea, the soil is said to be very rich in minerals.A wide variety of popular brands such as "Kosuzu" and colorful cherry tomatoes are available and shipped from October to June.「Asparagus officinalis」:It is produced mainly in the Takaki and Konagai areas.The dark green "prefectural central asparagus" that grows in the sun is shipped from spring to autumn.Spring asparagus, which stores nutrients, is sweet, and summer, which grows overnight, is soft.It is famous as the best rice source in the prefecture.It seems that delicious rice grows in natural water of Mt.Tatara type.In addition to "Hinohikari" and "Nikomaru", in Moriyama, pay attention to the early rice Koshihikari harvested before Obon and the new variety "Natsuhonoka".「Nagayo Town, Nishisonogi District」,Local government organizes with nine townships:April 1, 1889: The act of the City, town, and village was carried out.As a purely rural area, citrus cultivation has continued to develop.From around 1970, as the city of Nagasaki expanded to the north, the element as a residential city increased, and residential land became more popular.都市計画法(City Planning Act. )昭和四十三年,六月十五日,法律第百号,(Act No. 100 of June 15, 1968):In the town, the town development with humanity in which Agriculture, Nature and residential areas are in harmony.We have been engaged in various businesses centered on "agriculture, greenery, and housing."The land readjustment project started in 1972, and the public sewerage project started in 1973.With urbanization, the population of the town has increased rapidly:It will be 2.1 times in 1980, 2.4 times in 1990, 2.9 times in 2000, and 3 times in 2010.2016,Nine next comprehensive plan:Promotion of town planning with the theme of "the town with the highest degree of happiness in Japan".Town flower:Japanese apricot(Prunus mume (Sieb.) Sieb. et Zucc.),Every spring, it blooms before other vegetation and is said to be a flower that expresses chastity, humility, and patience.The townspeople's expectations are that they will work on things ahead of others and realize them.Mickn:To commemorate the 30th anniversary of the enforcement of the town system, in 1999, we solicited image characters from the general public in order to promote the town better.With the motif of mandarin oranges, which is a special product, it was born with the image of a healthy child riding on the leaves of mandarin oranges and flying into the sky.「Togitsu Town」,It's not clear, but it seems that it was called during the Kamakura period.The origin of the medieval development era is the administrator of a manor or the Mr.Togitsu clan as a priest.I heard that it belonged to Omura territory at least during the Muromachi period.In addition, Mr. Omura was defeated in a battle at Nakadake Castle and was once occupied by Mr. Arima.Entered the Meiji era and belonged to Nagasaki prefecture due to the abolition of the feudal clan.Then, I would like to explain Showa after a long time.Designated as a city planning area in 1962.In 1969(Act No. 100 of June 15, 1968:Final amendment is Law No. 30 of April 1, 2006), it was designated as a New city planning area.Around this time, the population began to increase rapidly, and from August 1966, landfill projects and industry were attracted as a Togitsu coastal industrial area.Therefore, it has become a town of small and medium-sized enterprises.In recent years, many Suburban commercial facilities have opened, and it has developed as a transportation hub and a town where people and goods can interact actively.Historical resources include the Maejima burial mounds, the ruins of a teahouse, the tomb of Jinzaemon(Sumikage-Ko;The baptismal name is Don Bernardo)Nagasaki, and the landing site of 26 saints in Japan.As a back road of the Nagasaki Highway(Nagasaki-kaido Road: It was the road starting from Kokurakita Ward, which connected Sanyodo Road, to Nagasaki City.), it has been a post town crowded with travelers traveling by boat from Sonogi for a long time.Togitsu sweet bun,Sea cucumber,Octopus ocellatus,Mozuku(Cladosiphon okamuranus),Mandarin orange,Grape,Loquat,Asparagus-Specialty products.「Saikai City」,On April 1, 2005, the former Seihi, former Saikai, former Oshima, former Sakito, and former Oseto merged on an equal footing.City tree is wax myrtle(Morella rubra Lour.).The city flower is Lilium speciosum Thunb.Other symbols Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc.False kelpfish(Sebastiscus marmoratus (Cuvier, 1829)),Japanese Nightingale(Horornis diphone (Kittlitz, 1830)).Accessible from Nagasaki or Sasebo - "Nanatsugama Limestone Cave" (Saikai, Nagasaki) Nanatsugama Limestone Cave, located in Saikai city next to Nagasaki and Sasebo cities is the only limestone cave in Nagasaki prefecture.This is a bud mutation of Okitsu-wase found by Denichi IWASAKI of Saikai-cho, Nishisonogi District, (today's Saikai City,) Nagasaki Prefecture in 1968.「Nagasaki City」,A core city located in the southern part of Nagasaki Prefecture, at the western end of Kyushu.Facing the sea, Goto-nada, Tachibana Bay, and Omura Bay spread out.Commercial and business functions are concentrated in the flat area of ​​Nagasaki Harbor.Together with the Slope city formed on the Crater terrain, a unique cityscape is formed.During the Edo period, it prospered as the only window for trade and culture open to the West.It is called Wakaran culture, which was born from exchanges with foreign countries such as Portugal, the Netherlands, and China.At the time, Japan had adopted a policy of isolationism when travel into and out of Japan was highly restricted and only the port of Nagasaki was open, so those Ming Dynasty Chinese subjects in Japan constructed Chinese style temples such as Sofuku-ji Temple (Nagasaki City) and Kofuku-ji Temple (Nagasaki City).A city with a history and exoticism, where these unique cultures and traditions are scattered throughout the city.In the early Edo period, as a juji position became vacant at Sofuku-ji Temple (Nagasaki City) that was a temple of Chinese priests, ITSUNEN Shoyu who was in Japan and juji of Kofuku-ji Temple (Nagasaki City) invited Ingen to Japan.Establishment of kaisho, in particular, as a dealing place of rice was spread out throughout the country; and among them Kome-kaisho (rice kaisho) in Dojima area of Osaka, where Kurayashiki (feudal lords' residence with adjoining warehouse) were especially concentrated, and Nagasaki-kaisho in Nagasaki City, where imported goods were treated, were well known.In response to this situation, Mr. Hakuseki ARAI enacted New Regulations on Ships and Trade to restrict foreign trades (Nagasaki New Regulations).Under the seclusion policy, foreign trades were mainly limited to those with China at the Chinese residential area in Nagasaki, and with the Netherlands at Dejima island, but also through Tsushima Domain, trade with Yi Dynasty of Korea was authorized by the shogunate government at the consular office (wakan).Koun School;It was renamed Nagasaki English Language School, transferred to Nagasaki Prefecture upon its abolishment in 1877, restructured into Nagasaki Prefectural Nagasaki Junior High School (1878) and Nagasaki School of Foreign Languages (1882), and split into Nagasaki Prefectural Nagasaki Junior High School (established in 1884 as the predecessor of today's Nagasaki Prefectural Nagasaki Higashi Senior High School and Nagasaki Prefectural Nagasaki Nishi Senior High School) and Nagasaki Prefectural Nagasaki Commercial School (established in 1886 as the predecessor of today's Nagasaki City Nagasaki Commercial High School).Nagasaki National Peace Memorial Hall For the Atomic Bomb Victims-Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Victims Memorial Peace Prayer Ceremony.“Honey tangerine”, The exact history of “Marcott” is unknown, it is said that it is Tangor grown by crossing Mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata) and Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) in the USA. It was introduced to Japan around the middle of the Showa period (about 60 years ago).(The parent of the breed was unknown, and it was thought that it had been grown in Miami, Florida, USA, commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture in the 1910s.It was bred and propagated in 1922 by Charles Markot Smith(Florida Sapling Farmer).Commercial seedling production commenced in 1928, and the first fruit was shipped in 1944 as Smith Tangerine.Seeds were introduced to Japan in 1954, and scions were introduced in 1961.Greenhouse cultivation, peak shipments in March and April.The reddish color, the refreshing aroma, and the rich sweetness make you smile.『Tangor;Citrus reticulata × sinensis』Etymology is derived from combining the tangerine English name Tangerine and the orange "tang" and "or".)It is also cultivated in Japan, but it is mainly grown in greenhouses in areas other than the subtropical zone.It has a good aroma, moderate acidity and strong sweetness.
【栄養素・機能性成分】
βカロテン:C40H56;Converted to vitamin A in the body as needed.Carotenoids that are abundant in green and yellow vegetables.It is important for maintaining the health of skin and mucous membranes and for photostimulatory response, and promotes cell proliferation.
ビタミンB1;Decarbonization in the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction:Coenzyme;Form of thiamine pyrophosphate.
B2;The form of flavin adenine dinucleotide as a cofactor for the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and succinate dehydrogenase.
B6;Pyridoxine(C8H11NO3), Pyridoxal(C8H9NO3), Pyridoxiamine(C8H12N2O2);Coenzyme for protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism:It acts as a coenzyme(Pyridoxal phosphate)for metabolism of bioactive amines, which is a neurotransmitter, and as a hormone regulator:Helps keep nerves and skin healthy, fight infections, keep blood sugar levels normal, produce red blood cells, and some enzymes work properly.
パントテン酸(Cofactor fused with active carboxylic acid residues such as Acyl coa and succinyl-coa:Coenzyme A(Cysteamine):C21H36P3N7O16S)
ナイアシン(The form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a coenzyme of isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketotoglutarate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase.)
ビオチン(5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoic acid:C10H16N2O3S):ビタミンH;It is a colorless acicular crystal that is stable to neutral, acidic, alkaline, oxygen, and light, but weak to heat.It is released from proteins in food by biotinidase(dominant gene)secreted by the pancreas.It translocates into the blood and binds to biotinidase, a transport protein synthesized in the liver.
葉酸;ビタミンM(2S)-2-[(4-{[(2-amino-4-hydroxypteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)formamido]pentanedioic acid:C19H19N7O6;Pteridine(C6H4N4)with para-aminobenzoic acid; PABA(C7H7NO2)and another or more glutamic acids.Most exist in the "Polyglutamic acid type" (A combination of multiple glutamic acids).I heard that it is absorbed from the epithelial cells of the small intestine after being converted to the "Monoglutamic acid type" (A form in which one glutamic acid is bound) by digestive enzymes in the digestive tract.It is soluble in acids and alkalis, but hardly soluble in pure water or ethanol, and tends to be insoluble in acetone(C3H6O),Diethyl ether((C2H5)2O), Chloroform(CHCl3), and Benzene(C6H6).In the polyglutamic acid type folate, sugar and protein are released and released in the cooking and processing of foods and in the gastric acid environment.It is decomposed into monoglutamic acid-type folic acid by an enzyme in the small intestinal mucosa and then absorbed into the cells of the small intestine.I heard that it is converted to 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid by the enzyme(small intestinal epithelial cell).It is transported to the liver via the portal vein, and 50% of the whole body seems to accumulate.It is converted again and transferred to bile, which is reabsorbed from the digestive tract and supplied to tissues for transfer.It is required to return homocysteine, a risk factor for arteriosclerosis, to methionine.etc.
ビタミンC:C6H8O6;Discovered as a Skorbut preventive factor by Royal Navy doctor James Lind in 1753.It removes rust from water-soluble parts of the body, such as blood and the crystalline lens of the eye, and also restores tired vitamin E.It is absorbed mainly from the small intestine as it is without being digested by the stomach. It is then carried in the blood, stored and dispersed throughout the body.It is characterized by its "antioxidant effect", which inhales, captures a small amount of active oxygen obtained, and detoxifies it.Excessive growth damages DNA or Protein and reduces cell function.
ビタミンE:C29H50O2;It is divided into a total of eight compounds, four tocopherols(In nature, α, β, γ, δ.)and four tocotrienols.It is absorbed into the body from the intestinal tract via the lymphatic vessels together with lipids, and has a very strong antioxidant effect.Protects unsaturated fatty acids and other fat-soluble components that make up biological membranes from oxidative damage:Included in the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes.It suppresses the production of lipid peroxide, keeps blood vessels healthy, and suppresses the oxidation of LDL(Bad cholesterol)cholesterol in the blood.You will not have hypervitaminosis with a normal diet, as you tend not to have cumulative actions in your body.
βクリプトキサンチン:Provitamin A:C40H56O:Ester body, carotenoid.It forms mixed micelles with bile acids, fatty acids, cholesterol, etc., and is passively diffused and absorbed by small intestinal epithelial cells.Move to liver with chylomicron(Lipoprotein particles;乳糜脂粒).Very low density lipoprotein and “Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol”:To peripheral tissues≒Ester body.
ビオラキサンチン:(1S,4S,6R)-1-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1S,4S,6R)-4-Hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-ol;C40H56O4:The gene expression balance is clear, which makes it difficult to accumulate BCR(Caricaxanthin)and facilitates the accumulation of more metabolized VIO(Carotenoid).It is considered as a precursor of a plant hormone called "abscisic acid(C15H20O4)" that promotes leaf fall.
ペクチン:methyl ester:J.Braconnot,1825(Rf):Galacturonic acid:carboxyl group:-C(=O)OH
セルロース:(C6H10O5)n;The main component of plant cell sell stones and plant fibers, and the most abundant carbohydrate on earth.
ヘミセルロース(Amyloid):Discovered by E. Schulze in 1891.The name of the polysaccharide extracted with alkali after extracting Pectin from cell wall carbohydrates.Xyloglucan(Angiospermae):With 1,4-β-D-glucan as the main chain, the α-D-xylose residue binds to the O-6 position of the D-glucose residue of 75%.It is distributed throughout the cell wall including the middle lobe, and I hear that it is hydrogen-bonded to cellulose.Tendency to exist as a storage polysaccharide in seeds.
リグニン:Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6:bacterium:Mineralization;Effective resistance to decay and feeding damage.
ビタミンP:ヘスペリジン;flavonoid:C28H34O15:polyphenol;Glycotransfer works in cooperation with vitamin C to regulate the permeability of the capillary membrane so that it does not become too permeable.
ルチン;C27H30O16:β-rutinose((2R,3S,4S,5S)-6-[ [(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol;C12H22O10)bound to quercetin.The E-rutin group significantly increased muscle weight and lean weight in the lower limbs compared to the placebo group that ingested E-rutin-free whey protein-n = 1, isoquercitrin;C21H20O12.Research results increase potential antioxidants in the blood.It protects cells and tissues by suppressing or eliminating the generation of reactive oxygen species, and preserves the normal normality and growth of muscles.etc.
ネオヘスペリジン:C28H34O15
シネフリン:4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol:C9H13NO2;Used in various slimming natural health products as an alternative to the pharmaceutical ingredient ephedrine.It has effects on heart rate and blood pressure, and both pharmacological effects tend to be significantly enhanced by caffeine.From the identified risk.
オーラプテン:auraptene,7-geranyloxycoumarin:C19H22O3
テルペノイド:aldehyde,carboxylic acid:C5:IPP,DMAPP:C10, C15, C20:prenyltransferase
ナリンギン:flavanone:C27H32O14;A glycoside in which a sugar called Neo hesperidos is bound to naringenin.When hydrolyzed with the degrading enzyme naringinase, it changes to naringenin without bitterness, so it is often used for fruit juice processing.
クエン酸:C(OH)(CH2COOH)2COOH:C6H8O7;When energy is taken up by the living body, it decomposes through various processes to become a substance called acetyl-coa (active acetic acid), which binds to Oxaloacetic acid(C4H4O5).Later, it transforms into seven types of acids and returns to citric acid.TCA cycle:A substance called "ATP (adenosine triphosphate(C10H16N5O13P3))" that acts as an energy source for cells in the body.Effective against lactic acid, which is the source of stiff shoulders and muscle fatigue.
ブドウ糖:C6H12O6:D-グルコース:Known as a component of cellulose, starch and glycogen.D-glucose(Dextrose, an organic compound.)and pure crystalline monosaccharides produced after the starch is completely hydrolyzed.It is divided into water-containing water containing molecular water of crystallization and anhydrous water containing nothing.
酒石酸:2,3-dihydroxy butanedioic acid:(CH(OH)COOH)2:L-(+)-Tartaric acid:It is known as a crystalline organic acid obtained by oxidizing and enzymatically decomposing maleic acid(HOOC–CH=CH–COOH:Chain unsaturated dicarboxylic acid)or fumaric acid(HOOC–CH=CH–COOH:C4H4O4:-2-ブテン二酸:Alpha hydroxy acid). 
リンゴ酸:HOOC-CH(OH)-CH2-COOH:C4H6O5;2-hydroxybutanedioic acid;It is known as an organic acid obtained by synthesizing fumaric acid or reducing glucose.Dicarboxylic acid, in the role of an intermediate in the TCA cycle:Alpha hydroxy acid. 
ケンフェロール:C15H10O6
(+)カテキン:C15H14O6;Flavonoids of polyphenols.Derived from the dark brown "catechu" taken from the Acacia Mill. / Acacia (Fabaceae) trees that grow in India.There are research cases that eliminate infectivity by adhering to protruding proteins on the surface such as influenza virus.
イソロイシン(C6H13NO2:2-アミノ-3-メチルペンタン酸);Hydrophobic amino acid(BCCA).The role of promoting the uptake of blood glucose into skeletal muscle without an increase in blood sugar concentration.It works to suppress gluconeogenesis(A pathway that slowly reverses glycolysis from lactic acid, pyruvic acid, amino acid, propionic acid, etc. to produce D-glucose.)in the liver and to oxidatively utilize glucose.A zwitterionic compound having a leucine structural isomer and a sec-butyl group (-ch (ch3) ch2ch3) in the side chain.
ロイシン(C6H13NO2:2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid);Activator of mTOR:mammallian Target Of Rapamycin(Atypical serine-threonine kinases present in two types of complexes:It senses nutrient sources such as glucose and amino acid, and plays a role of regulators in cell proliferation, metabolism, and survival.):There are insulin, IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1: insulin-like growth factors 1), Testosterone, Nitric oxide, Muscle Contraction etc.An important factor that promotes protein synthesis(BCCA).
リシン(リジン:C6H14N2O2:2,6-diaminohexanoic acid);It is known as a synthetic raw material for carnitine(C7H15NO3:Derivative)required for fat burning.In the human body, we also hear examples of promotion of glucose metabolism and its relationship with calcium absorption.L-Lysine Hydrochloride:Mol fileKCF fileDB search(HCl:hydrochloric acid).
(含硫)メチオニン(C5H11NO2S:2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid);It is a sulfur-containing amino acid containing sulfur and is converted into glutathione(C10H17N3O6S)and taurine(C2H7NO3S)in the body.It is also known as a biosynthetic raw material for carnitine involved in fat burning.Tendency to be metabolized in a series of reactions called carbon metabolism.Using methionine and ATP synthase as substrates, S-adenosylmethionine synthase catalyzes the biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine(C15H22N6O5S+):Protein methylation.
シスチン( C6H12N2O4S2:2-amino-3-(2-amino-2-carboxy-ethyl)disulfanyl-propanoic acid);The role of stabilizing the structure of Proteins.It is one of the sulfur-containing amino acids(The composition of Glutathione-SH(C10H17N3O6S), which is important for detoxification and antioxidant activity.)containing sulfur and has a unique aroma.It converts methionine to Cystathionine(C7H14N2O4S:A catalyst for β-synthase from Homocysteine(C4H9NO2S:2-Amino-4-sulfanylbutanoic acid)and Serine.)in the human body.It is famous as a sulfur-containing amino acid in which two molecules of cysteine ​​are bound.
(芳香族)フェニルアラニン( C9H11NO2:2-Amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid);In the brain, the role of Synthesizing Neurotransmitter Norepinephrine(C8H11NO3:4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]benzene-1,2-diol;Monoamine(A chemical structure in which an amino group is connected to an aromatic ring by two carbon chains.))and Dopamine(C8H11NO2:Monoamine neurotransmitter).It is also known as a raw material for Tyrosine(C9H11NO3:4-hydroxyphenylalanine;Protein production synthesis).Important for accelerating the amyloid assembly process.Adrenaline(Adrenal medulla):Epinephrine(C9H13NO3),Produced by neurons and released as adrenal medulla hormones and neurotransmitters.
チロシン(C9H11NO3:2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid)」;Synthesized by hydroxylation of phenylalanine.When the aromatics are further hydroxylated, L-dopa(C9H11NO4:L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine:(S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid.It is converted to L-Dopa by tyrosine hydroxidase and to dopamine(Nerve cells in a specific area of ​​brain, which is the final product.)by decarboxylase.The neurotransmitter catecholamines (noradrenaline:norepinephrine(C8H11NO3),adrenaline(C9H13NO3):Mainly adrenal medulla(副腎髄質)cells can be metabolized, etc.) are produced from L-Dopa.)is produced.When oxidized by tyrosinase, the intermediate L-Dopa is immediately oxidized and converted to dopachrome(C9H7NO4).It is further polymerized by the action of enzymes and converted to melanin.It is a dark brown pigment and is widely distributed in animal tissues such as skin, hair and iris.I hear that it has a role to absorb excess sunlight.A disease in which tyrosinase is congenitally deficient is known as oculocutaneous disease (albino:Mutant individuals who cannot synthesize photosynthetic pigments:先天性白皮症).etc.
トレオニン(スレオニン:C4H9NO3:2-Amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid):A zwitterionic compound having an Amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH) and a hydroxyethyl group in the side chain.There are two diastereomers, but only the (2S, 3R) form is called L-threonine(Since it has two optically active centers, four isomers have been identified.).It has been suggested that it may compete with alanine, Branched Chain Amino Acids, phenylalanine, serine, tryptophan, tyrosine etc.I hear that it is the newest in history.
トリプトファン(C11H12N2O2:2-Amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid):A raw material for Nicotinic acid:C6H5NO2 (Niacin:Vitamin B3) in the human body and Serotonin(It is deeply related to important human functions such as mental (stress) and sleep;Endorphin), a neurotransmitter involved in sedation and sleep-inducing action in the brain.Operate the sodium and potassium pumps to discharge the sodium incorporated into the conjugate with glutamic acid.When glutamate and lactic acid are taken up by nerve cells, the most important nerve, the glutamate nerve, begins to move.Glial cells(Oligodendrocytes(希突起膠細胞)that make myelin sheaths(髄鞘)to increase nerve conduction velocity, microglia(小膠細胞)that are responsible for central nervous system immunity, etc.Featured “astrocytes”(Glial fibrillary acidic protein Immunohistochemistry):kallikrein-related peptidase 7:(KLK7):Serine Protease(Proteolytic enzyme with serine group):To elucidate the generation mechanism of neuroglioma.)take up glucose and activate glutamatergic nerves.
バリン(C5H11NO2,SMILES:CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)N):Energy is metabolized in muscle tissue and is involved in growth.Branched Chain Amino Acids(BCAA:Similar to leucine and isoleucine):Expected to adjust the nitrogen balance in blood and improve liver function.
ヒスチジン(C6H9N3O2:2-Amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid:It is said to have the effect of suppressing oxidative stress (ischaemia reperfusion), and there are cases of action such as increased insulin secretion.When neonatal screening is abnormal and when amino acid acid metabolism disorder is presumed:I heard that an increase in a specific concentration is a powerful clue to the diagnosis.In the nutritional disorder called cardiac cachexia seen in Chronic congestive heart failure, etc., aromatic amino acids increase and branched chain amino acids and histidine decrease.Since it is abundant in “hemoglobin(Proteins present in red blood cells)”, there is a risk of anemia if it is insufficient.In some cases, it was suggested that the anti-obesity effect was attenuated by “proline(Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid)”.
アルギニン(C6H14N4O2:(S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid);Expected to help the body produce energy, increase growth hormone secretion, build muscle, and improve male function.Promotes fat metabolism to strengthen muscle tissue and promote height growth.TCA cycle:Adenosine Triphosphate(C10H16N5O13P3),It enhances the function of the urea cycle in the liver and promotes the recovery of brain fatigue quickly.Ammonia(NH3)inhibits its function, but ingestion promotes detoxification.Expected to be effective as part of the Natural Moisturizing Factor(NMF)of the stratum corneum.
アラニン(C3H7NO2:2-Aminopropanoic acid);It is a synthetic raw material for sugar and has the energy generation function of the living body.The action of secreting the hormone Glucagon(Peptide hormone:29 amino acid;In the Liver, it activates protein kinase a through binding to specific receptors and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP:cAMP-dependent protein kinase (Protein kinase A);Protein kinase(Phosphorylating enzyme)) production., which is secreted when blood sugar concentration is low and promotes the breakdown of glycogen(C6H10O5)n:Discovered as a liver component by Mr. Claude Bernard in Burgundy, France in 1856.
アスパラギン酸(C4H7NO4:Aminosuccinic acid, asparagic acid;The role of increasing the absorption of K and Mg and decomposing and promoting lactic acid.Located closest to the TCA cycle of the body, which is the place of energy production.)It is located closest to the TCA cycle(Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle:Citric Acid Cycle)of the body, which is the place of energy production.In 1937, German's chemist and doctor Hans Adolf Krebs finds the circuit.England:Received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1953.Discovery of the Ornithine cycle of Urea synthesis:A cycle that draws out internal combustion.Decomposes fat and lactic acid and converts them into energy(Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle).
グルタミン酸(C5H9NO4:2-Aminopentanedioic acid:In animals, it can be synthesized from non-essential amino acids, that is, other organic compounds.Discovered by Mr.Karl Heinrich Leopold Ritthausen in 1866 in the acid hydrolyzate of gluten, a wheat protein.It is famous as a raw material for glutathione and GABA (4-aminobutanoic acid).It can be biosynthesized from "2-Oxopentanedioic acid" and "ammonia(NH3)".It conveys information to nerves by binding to and activating N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) -type receptors.D-serine(It has the enzyme serine racemase (SRR) synthesized by Glial cells(It acts to give an energy source to nerve cells in the brain and builds an energy environment:A cell that fills parts of the brain other than nerve cells and supports the functions of nerve cells from various aspects.)located in a specific region of the hippocampus.)regulates stimulus volume.It is believed that the Synapse connection will be strengthened, giving memory and learning.There seems to be a hypothesis that the diseases alzheimer dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are caused by too much stimulation of the “NMDA receptor”.)
グリシン(Glycocholic:C2H5NO2:Aminoethanoic acid);In the Nerve system, it also functions as an amino acid (Collagen:Protein,Elastin(Elastic fiber),Keratin(△Cystine), Sericin(C30H40N10O16).), which is mainly responsible for inhibitory synaptic transmission between the brain stem and spinal cord.The feature is that there are no stereoisomers(The opposite sex with different three-dimensional directions of atoms in space.)such as D-form and L-form.Not only does it improve the shelf life of food, but it also has a sweet taste and is used as a seasoning.Porphyrins(Porphyra;Hemoglobin as an oxygen carrier in human blood (Erythrocyte) is prominent.) related to the function of carrying oxygen in the blood and creatine(C4H9N3O2;A small amount in the brain.)essential for muscle exercise.
プロリン(C5H9NO2,SMILES:OC(=O)C1CCCN1):The main composition of collagen(Protein;A polymer compound formed by linking (polymerizing) a large number of 21 types of amino acids in a chain:Hydroxyproline(C5H9NO3)), which is abundant in gelatin and animal skins.When stored, aspartic acid tends to decrease and increase.It is high in fruit amino acids.
セリン(C3H7NO3:2-Amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid);A raw material for Phosphatidylserine(C13H24NO10P,Phospholipid- Signal transduction), a component of cell membranes.It is one of the important moisturizing ingredients to maintain the moisture content of the skin, and can be a raw material for “glycine” that is close to the same ingredient.It is the Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF:Small molecules such as Amino acids, pyrrolidone carboxylic acids (and their salts), urea, mineral salts, organic acids (and their salts).) of the skin and is the most abundant in amino acid.
エリオシトリン:C27H32O15
ネオエリオシトリン:Eriodictyol(C15H12O6);It is metabolized and absorbed by eriodictyol and found in blood and urine as a glucuronide conjugate.Similarly(homoeriodictyol(C16H14O6),hesperetin(C16H14O6)), the role of inhibitory activity of lipoxygenase (5-LOX and 12-LOX).
ノミリン:TGR5:Transmembrane G protein-coupled Receptor 5:G protein-coupled receptor:C28H34O9 (mw514.57).Bile acids exert anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycemic effects through a G protein- coupled receptor TGR5:Ligand active food ingredient.By binding, it promotes insulin secretion from L-sell. It promotes the secretion of hormone GLP-1.In the living body, it binds to TGR5(G protein-coupled bile acid receptor)of skeletal muscle to increase heat production and exerts an anti-obesity effect through increased energy consumption.The non-sugar moiety that remains after the glycosyl group of the glycoside is replaced by a hydrogen atom:Aglycone;Phytochemical
リモネン:monoterpene:1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-cyclohexene:C10H16;A terpenoid compound having two double bonds in which two isoprene units (C5 units) are linearly bonded to form a single ring (six-membered ring).
アクリドン:acridinone,1948:C13H9NO
ポリメトキシフラボノイド類(PMF):ノビレチン(C21H22O8);Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus (LTP):In cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer's disease, synaptic plasticity disorder occurs due to various factors.cAMP response element-binding protein(cAMP-responsive element),I hear that it is cre-dependent transcriptional activity that follows.Expected to have Aβ deposition inhibitory effect and nerve growth factor (NGF) -like effect.
タンゲレチン(C20H20O7)
シネンセチン(C20H20O7);InChI=1S/C20H20O7/c1-22-13-7-6-11(8-15(13)23-2)14-9-12(21)18-16(27-14)10-17(24-3)19(25-4)20(18)26-5/h6-10H,1-5H3,SMILES:COc1ccc(cc1OC)c1cc(=O)c2c(OC)c(OC)c(OC)cc2o1,及び,3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-ヘプタメトキシフラボン(HMF):Induces the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; 脳由来神経栄養因子).
γ(gamma)-aminobutyric acid:C4H9NO2;It is responsible for inhibitory synaptic transmission of the rostral central nervous system(Free amino acid series).Glutamic acid by decarboxylation catalyzed by glutamic acid decarboxylase (enzyme:GAD67(GAD1:cytoplasm),GAD65(GAD2:presynaptic terminal)).TCA cycle α-ketoglutaric acid(C5H6O5)to glutamic acid.In some cases, blood pressure lowering effect is achieved by suppressing the release of norepinephrine from pars sympathica:Ion channel type receptor.etc.
ポンシリン:(2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4, 5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one;C28H34O14:Flavonoid glycoside with the structure of isosakuranetin(C16H14O5)7-O-neoheseridoside.It acts to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone loss through down-regulation of NFATc1(Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1:OSCAR,TREM-2,PIR-A etc.)in vitro and in vivo.
ネオポンシリン(ジジミン):(S)-7-[[6-O-(6-Deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one;C28H34O14:Suppression of NF-κB(Protein complex;Nuclear factor-kappa B)activation:Prevent vegf Induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.
カリウム:K;It interacts with “sodium”, which is abundant in extracellular fluid.It works to maintain the osmotic pressure of cells and retain water.After ingestion and absorption in the small intestine, it is transported to tissues throughout the body, most of which is excreted by the kidneys.It is maintained by regulation of reabsorption in the kidney, and the k concentration in blood is maintained between 3.6 and 4.8 meq / l.Together with sodium, it maintains cell osmotic pressure.It works to suppress nerve stimulus transmission, functional regulation of heart and muscle, and intracellular enzyme reaction(I have to add proton transfer equilibrium).I heard that about 200g is contained in the body of an adult:Potassium.
カルシウム:Ca;In the body, the amount in cells and blood is strictly controlled.Tendency to move from bone to blood as needed.About 99% is stored in bone, but also in the blood of cells and muscles.If you don't get the calcium you need, you risk mobilizing large amounts of calcium in your bones and weakening your bones.To maintain normal blood calcium levels, it is necessary to take at least 1000-1500 mg daily.Parathyroid hormone(PTH)and Thyrocalcitonin(Made by the cells of the thyroid gland, hormones have the function of lowering the calcium concentration in the blood by delaying the breakdown of bones.);It is made up of four parathyroid glands behind the thyroid gland in the neck.As the calcium concentration in In blood rises, the amount of hormones produced by the parathyroid glands tends to decrease.It stimulates bones to release calcium into the blood and reduces the amount of calcium excreted by the kidneys into the urine.Increases calcium absorption by stimulating alimentary canal to increase calcium absorption by promoting the activation of vitamin D in the kidneys.
マグネシウム:Mg;Vinegar has been known to solubilize insoluble calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in food, however, the difference in solubilization ability among various kinds of vinegar has not been investigated. In this study, solubilization of Ca and Mg from coral powder and beef bone powder was compared with several kinds of vinegar. Calcium solubilization was observed to be high in grain vinegar, cider vinegar and wine vinegar, and low in rice vinegar and un-polished rice vinegar. On the other hand, magnesium solubilization was high in rice vinegar, wine vinegar and cider vinegar, and low in grain vinegar and un-polished rice vinegar. Calcium solubilization of coral powder was significantly negatively correlated with the pH of vinegar, while Mg solubilization was not. Comparison of solubilization of Ca in un-polished rice vinegar and acetic acid solution suggested that the phosphorus content was also responsible for solubilization in un-polished vinegar. These results suggest that ingredients in vinegar, as well as acidity and pH, affect solubilization of Ca and Mg from food when cooked with vinegar.Characterization of Solubilization of Insoluble Calcium and Magnesium with Various Kinds of Vinegar,Nakano Central Research Institute, Nakano Vinegar Co., Ltd. and Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University with Nippon shokuhin kagaku kogaku kaishi = Journal of the Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology 45(11), 655-662, 1998-11-15)
ナトリウム:Na;In the adult body, most of it is contained in extracellular fluid outside the cell.Approximately 50 % as salt (sodium chloride), bicarbonate, phosphate.About 40 % is present in the build and is slightly contained in the intracellular fluid.Functions such as osmotic pressure adjustment:Roles such as maintaining the amount of extracellular fluid.Normally, healthy people do not have a deficiency.It is possible to promote the excretion of sodium by taking vegetables and fruits that are high in potassium together.This is because it has been confirmed that taking too much increases the risk of swelling, thirst, high blood pressure, stomach cancer, and esophageal cancer.
リン:P;(Leakage in urine causes symptoms such as hypoproteinemia, decreased renal function, and hyperphosphatemia.)The amount of phosphorus per 1 g of protein contains about 15 mg, and the intake correlates with the protein intake.The role of combining and strengthening bones and teeth.Higher blood phosphate levels tend to make bones brittle.Calcium tends to combine and become coal in other than bones such as blood vessels and tendons.
鉄:Fe;It is attracting attention as one of the world's three major deficient micronutrients along with vitamin A and Iodine(I2;.In 1811,Discovered by burning seaweed with potassium carbonate, which is the raw material for potassium nitrate by Bernard Courtois(仏).)Non‐heme iron(Fe)(Included in vegetables, eggs and milk.);By taking it with foods rich in high-quality protein and vitamin C, the absorption rate into the body is improved.Fe shortage of women due to blood loss, a big problem for expectant mother and lactating women whose demand increases.Due to the metabolism of the body, about 1 mg of iron(Fe)is lost in adult men and about 0.8 mg in women per day.Ferritin(A globular protein complex consisting of 24 proteins.)has a role of suppressing deficiency and excess, and is also called stored Fe.About 90% of anemia is iron deficiency, which is deficient in fe, one of the important materials of hemoglobin.
銅:Cu;It has been known for a long time as a trace essential mineral, which is present in the human body at about 80 mg.It binds to proteins and plays a role in catalyzing a wide range of in vivo reactions.Tendency to be mainly present in bone, skeletal muscle and blood.Although it is involved in hematopoietic function as well as Fe, no reports have been heard regarding the adverse effects of chronic overdose, except for some diseases.Monovalent compounds exist as insoluble salts and complex salts.Divalent salts and complex salts are common.It is absorbed from the small and duodenum and transported to the liver through the portal vein.I hear that the lower the intake, the higher the absorption rate, and the higher the intake, the lower the absorption rate.Large amounts of divalent iron and tin ions competitively inhibit the absorption of copper from the gastrointestinal tract.Inborn errors of copper metabolism(Wilson’s disease):Protein binding:Hepatolenticular degeneration.It acts as a Cu enzyme and acts as a catalyst for various reactions such as O2 transport, electron transfer, redox, and O2 addition.Important for Fe metabolism and transport, removal of active oxygen, and metabolism of neurotransmitters.Deficiencies can result from hereditary malabsorption or are acquired, but are not found in the normal life of healthy people.On the other hand, cases of symptoms are given to Babies whose main source of nutrition is low-content milk.Insufficiency may cause anemia, leukopenia, and bone abnormalities that do not respond to Fe administration.In addition, there are decreased immune function, cardiovascular abnormalities, and abnormal cholesterol and glucose metabolism.However, this is less frequent.
亜鉛:Zn;Zinc‐deficiency symptom:A state in which the zinc concentration in the blood is below 80 μg / dL to 130 μg / dL.Dermatitis, stomatitis, alopecia, pressure ulcer due to lack.Loss of appetite, developmental disorders, hypogonadism, susceptibility, dysgeusia, anemia, infertility, etc.Various symptoms occur and tend to improve with zinc supplementation.
マンガン:Mn;Functions as an enzyme activation and a component of metal enzymes.It is a silver-white metal with an atomic number of 25 and an atomic weight of 54.94, and its surface is oxidized in the air.I hear that 12(For a weight of 70 kg)to 20 milligramme is present in the body of an adult.It acts directly with many elements, gradually reacts with water, and is easily dissolved in acids.Absorbed by inhalation, oral or transdermal:Ingested from the diet, it dissolves as divalent by gastric acid and becomes trivalent by the oxidative mechanism of intestinal cells.It is absorbed, transported to the liver through vena portalis, secreted from the bile into the intestinal tract, and mostly excreted as feces.Since absorption competes with Fe, manganese tends to be less likely to be absorbed if the iron content in the diet is high.It is abundant in mitochondria, and is contained in high concentrations in pigmented areas in the body such as the retina, hair, and skin pigmented areas.It suggests specific and non-specific effects on many enzyme activities such as oxidoreductase, hydrolase, dehydrogenase, and transferase.It is also a component of arginine-degrading enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).Examples include connective tissue and bone formation, inner ear growth formation, glucose tolerance, fertility, lipid metabolism, growth and involvement in brain function.
【効果効能】
抗癌作用:Anti-cancer effect 
抗酸化作用:Antioxidant effect
抗菌作用:Antibacterial effect
抗腫瘍性:Anticancerous
肩こり:Stiff shoulder
腰痛:Lumbago
髪の毛健康:Hair health
風邪予防:Prevention of cold
美肌・美容:Beautiful skin and beauty
老化防止:Prevention from getting older
ダイエット:Diet
むくみ解消:Edema
利尿効果:Diuretic effect
女性ホルモン:Female hormones
妊婦:Expectant mother
貧血:Anemia
疲労回復:Recovery from fatigue
視力維持:Maintaining eyesight
消化促進:Digestion promotion
殺菌効果:Bactericidal effect
骨粗しょう症:Osteoporosis
新陳代謝:Metabolism
ストレス解消:Stress relief
活性酸素抑制:Reactive oxygen species suppression
喉・呼吸器安定:Throat, respiratory stability
皮膚粘膜強化:Skin and mucous membrane strengthening
高血圧:Elevated blood pressure
肥満:Corpulence
生活習慣病:Life style related disease
血中コレステロール緩和:Blood cholesterol relief
コレステロール:Triglycerides 
二日酔い:Overnight drunkenness
心筋梗塞:Heart infarction
脳梗塞:Brain infarction
血栓予防:Thromboprophylaxis
食欲不振:Anorexia
精神安定:Tranquilize
認知機能改善:Cognitive function improvement
胃潰瘍:Gastric ulcer
胃腸障害:Gastrointestinal injury
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