【製品名(商品名)】
大根切干
【種類】
Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus
【卸地】
愛知県豊田市, みよし市（JAあいち豊田, JAあいち経済連）
【名前の由来】
From dried fish made by cutting Japanese white radish into thin strips and drying.
【主な特徴】
On January 30, 2023, the Miyoshi City Fruit Tree Association Pear Department held a pear cultivation seminar at JA Aichi Toyota Green Station Miyoshi in Miyoshi Town, Miyoshi City. From March onwards, diseases and pests are more likely to appear, so they explain how to control pests at this time every year and try to further improve the quality of pears. On this day, a total of 11 people participated, including members of the department, Agricultural Improvement and Extension Section staff from the Aichi Prefecture Toyota Kamo Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Office, and JA staff. An instructor from the JA Farming Guidance Division explained the occurrence of stink bugs. Pentatomoidea: Heteroptera has needle-like absorptive mouthparts, and it seems that there are plant-eating species that suck sap from plants and carnivorous species that suck animal fluids. Some of the plant-eating species appear to contain important agricultural pests. In addition, there are species that do not directly harm the human body but have a foul odor. Problematic species that occur in cities include the stink bug, the brown stink bug, and the long stink bug. Carnivorous species include bed bugs that suck the blood of mammals and birds, kissing bugs that catch insects and suck their body fluids, and aquatic stink bugs such as giant giant bugs that catch small fish and frogs. Even among the species that do not suck blood from humans, there are those that, if caught easily, will sting with their sharp proboscis and inflict severe pain, so be careful. Halyomorpha halys (Stal) is about 15 mm long for adults, and there are considerable individual differences in size. It is brown to dark and appears to have irregular yellow-brown spots. Sucks from many types of plants. It is an important agricultural pest because it sucks the juice of beans, mandarin oranges, persimmons, peaches, cherry blossoms, apples and other fruits. I have heard that when they invade houses in groups to overwinter, they give off a foul odor and become a nuisance pest. It seems that it may adhere to laundry etc. Although the damage caused by the stink bug, the most important species, can be mitigated to some extent by the repellent lights hung in the fields, the effect alone is not sufficient. Stink bugs are good at burrowing into gaps unless the entire surface is covered with an insect net, so they invade. Therefore, chemical spraying seems to be an essential requirement for stink bug control. As a general rule, spraying of chemicals should be based on the forecast information of outbreaks from related organizations. Even if the number of stink bugs is large in forests, if there is enough food, stink bugs will not fly to orchards. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides, which are highly effective against stink bugs, have a long-term adverse effect on indigenous parasitic wasps, so there is a concern that continuous use may cause an outbreak of mealybugs. Do not use. Pear stink bugs seem to grow mainly in the currants of Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress as conditions for their easy occurrence. Since the brown marmorated stink bug mainly overwinters inside houses or under tree bark, houses (huts) near pear orchards are likely to be damaged by overwintering insects. German stink bugs overwinter mainly under fallen leaves of evergreen broad-leaved trees. From spring to summer, it also inhabits wild cherry blossoms, mulberry, pear, bayberry, magnolia magnolia, and holly. From summer to autumn, it seems that they also live in paulownia, magnolia magnolia, catfish, and coral reef. Stink bug is a general term for stink bugs that damage fruit trees, and more than 30 species are known, but it seems that they often refer to three species: the brown stink bug, the brown stink bug, and the glossy green stink bug. Among these three species, Aichi Prefecture seems to have a particularly high proportion of the stink bug. As a prediction of the occurrence of stink bugs in fruit trees, stink bugs are adults and overwinter under fallen leaves. The wintering place is a mixture of evergreen broad-leaved trees and miscellaneous trees gentle slope. Overwintering body color seems to be dark brown. Adults are known to feed on more than 100 species of plants, and their favorite food is cypress cones (seeds). When there are no cones, it is cherry, mulberry, and paulownia. When these foods are depleted, the fruit trees are also affected, but they have no choice but to suck the juice, and the fruit trees are not their natural food. Adults emerging from the wintering grounds feed on cherry blossoms and other fruits from around the end of April. In the meantime, when there is a shortage of food, they fly to the orchard and damage it. There are some that stay on the fruit during the day and suck the juice, but most of them seem to hide on the underside of the leaves or between the fruits. It seems that it is necessary to consider the occurrence of stink bugs separately for the overwintering generation adults (until July) and the first generation adults (from August). Until July, it seems that the amount of outbreak and the amount of damage can be roughly estimated by the wintering amount survey. They fly at similar times every year. Therefore, it is predicted whether it will be earlier or later than usual. By comparing long-term temperature forecasts, light traps, and pheromone trap kills with normal year values, it seems that the amount of flies and the timing of their flight will be known sooner or later. From August onwards, the flight timing can be roughly predicted based on the amount of cones of Japanese cypress and the number of pines and sheaths of Japanese cypress cones. It seems that the amount of occurrence can be determined by the occurrence density survey by the beating method (beating tree branches, grass, etc. with a stick and collecting the fallen insects with a net). Although it is a natural enemy, predatory natural enemies of the stink bug are known to include spiders and praying mantises. Examples of parasitic natural enemies include the Marboshi-hiratate fly, which parasitizes adults, and the Germanic wasp, which parasitizes eggs. Within the jurisdiction of JA Aichi Toyota, red pear varieties are mainly cultivated, and pears such as "Kosui'' and "Hosui'', which are the main varieties, and "Akizuki'' are cultivated. It seems that all 71 people who are jointly selected and shipped by the same JA Toyoda Pear Section and the Miyoshi City Fruit Tree Association Pear Department are certified as environmentally friendly farmers (as recognized by law). An environmentally friendly farmer (as recognized by law) is a farmer who has introduced environmentally friendly and safe cultivation techniques, such as using compost to create soil and using sexual pheromone（It refers to the scent that signals one's location for mating. Sexual pheromones released by the female to call the male are common. In 1959, the chemical structure of silkworm sexual pheromone was elucidated for the first time in the world. Since then, more than 1000 attractants have been identified to date. The insecticide seems to be able to exterminate various pests such as aphids and caterpillars with a single application. However, on the other hand, it seems to have an adverse effect on a wide variety of creatures, such as frogs, dragonflies, and the wild birds that feed on them. On the other hand, they are species-specific signals with subtly different compositions and ratios, and are effective only for targeted insects. It seems that dragonflies and frogs do not react to the sex pheromones of moths. This obvious thing seems to be a very important feature that makes the difference from insecticides clear when used for pest control. Insect (especially moth) sexual pheromones seem to be found to be of very low toxicity. The chemical structures of C18H32O2 and C18H34O2, which are salad oils, are shown along with the sexual pheromones of silk moths and chanococcum hamaki, and both appear to have very similar structures in which the carbons are in a straight line with a double bond in the middle.）agents to reduce pesticides, and is certified by the prefectural governor. Producers aim to produce environmentally friendly and safe fruits and vegetables. In addition, jumbo pears such as Atago (not only has an exceptional size, but also exceptional aroma and flavor. Red pears that are ripened after picking to increase the sugar content and increase the juice) and Niitaka are sold nationwide. It is said that the "Atago pear", in particular, is a super-large pear that is famous for being the size of a child's head. Christmas and New Year are the best time to eat them, so they are popular as gifts. "JA Aichi Toyota" is an agricultural cooperative that operates in Toyota City and Miyoshi City, Aichi Prefecture. Based on "food", "agriculture" and "living" of cooperative members and local users. We are engaged in various business activities to contribute to the realization of "rich and livable local communities." In addition, it seems that they are striving to realize “sustainable agriculture” and “a prosperous and comfortable local community” with the aim of becoming “Bonds NO.1 JA”. With finance, mutual aid (insurance), and farming as the pillars of its business, JA develops a "comprehensive business" that can contribute to a richer life for its members. We aim to be a JA that can contribute to the community based on our management philosophy of "rooted in the community and fostering human life and the culture of the soil." The farming business supports union members from the aspect of agriculture and supplies what is necessary for farm work. Furthermore, it seems that they are working on the succession of agriculture by supporting the entry, training and activities of farmers. Toyota City is located in the northern part of Aichi Prefecture, with an elevation of 3.2 m to 1,240 m. With an area of 918.47 km2, it is a core city with a population of 420,000, accounting for 17.8% of Aichi Prefecture. Known as "the city of automobiles", about 70% of the city area is covered by forests that nurture abundant water. We are trying to interact. Rice, vegetables, fruits, and flowers are thriving in the city. In particular, rice ranks first in the prefecture in terms of value and yield (produced in 2011). The farming population is declining year by year, and 80% are over 60. It seems that the shortage of agricultural successors is becoming serious due to the aging of the population, such as occupying nearby areas. Especially in hilly and mountainous areas, there is a serious shortage of workers, and the number of abandoned farmlands seems to be on the rise due to the damage caused by wild boars. The area of abandoned cultivated land seems to be 1,053 ha (2010 World Agriculture and Forestry Census). Toyota City merged with the Koromo district in 1951 and the Takahashi district in 1956, and changed its name to Toyota City in 1959. The period from around this time until the merger of the Kamigo district in 1964 and the Takaoka district in 1965 was the aforementioned first industrialization period of Toyota City, but most of it was confined to the Koromo district. The Sanage district in the north was merged in 1967, and the Matsudaira district in the east in 1970. In the rising season, mainly in the southern waters. They were distributed in the form of nuclear fission in the rice fields. From around this time onwards, the development of the city's road network progressed further. The Koromo area, which has undergone drastic changes due to industrialization and residentialization, is a castle town located in an alluvial lowland between the Meitetsu Mikawa Line and National Route 248. Centered around the city of the times, seven large-scale foreign retail stores also surround it to form a commercial area. It forms the central business district. The hilly area from the west to the south that surrounds this central area is the Toyota Iron Works Dan. Area, Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. Motomachi Plant, Midorigaoka Plant Group. In an industrial area that continues from the headquarters plant, many of the city's approximately 1,000 major plants were in the first phase of construction until 1965. Collected in the industrial age accumulated. Residentialization progressed most between the industrial area and the urban area. In the 15 years from 1960 to 1975, it has undergone a remarkable transformation, and urbanization has now reached the Ihobara plateau in the north. The entire Koromo area is an urbanized area, forming the central area of Toyota City. The Kamigo and Takaoka districts in the south are agricultural areas with a lot of excellent farmland and about 70% of the district area is agricultural land. Related large factories such as Arakawa Auto Body Co., Ltd. Group housing such as Nishiyama housing complex is also scattered. About 65% of the area of the Sanage district in the north is forest and wilderness, and in addition to the silica sand industry, it is also an agricultural area with paddy fields for persimmon and peach fruit trees, watermelon and radish vegetables, and dairy farming. , Construction of the Homi housing complex is progressing. In the eastern part of the Takahashi district, the Tokai Electronics Industrial Park was established early on, but the Higashiyama Housing Complex and other housing complexes have been remarkably developed since 1970. The Matsudaira district, which is rich in forests and plains and is the center of the Gara spinning industry, has been developed as a tourism and recreation area. Expected to be. In this way, each region has a commercial industry from the point of view of land use. Although it has distinct regional characteristics such as a business area, an industrial area, an agricultural area, a residential area, and a tourist and recreational area, it tends to strengthen its role as a functional area of the modern industrial city of Toyota. Since 1970, the entire city area has been urbanized and industrialized. Seems to have been involved. This was not limited to the Toyota City area, but had a strong impact on Miyoshi Town in the west, and Asuke Town, Asahi Town, and Shimoyama Village in the eastern Mikawa mountains. Aizumame River (Sakaigawa River system, Aizumamegawa tributary) Homi District, Toyota City - Takaoka District: Origin of the name of the river. This river flows to the west and surrounds the Kinugahara Hills, and is called 'Aizuma Onagawa'. It is speculated that an elegant predecessor named the river 'Aizumame River'. The Onagawa River, which originates from Oshimizu Town, Toyota City, joins the Hoteiko River, which flows on the border of Miyoshi City, in Aizuma Town, and joins the Aizumame River. It is a second-class river with a flow length of 15,737 m that gathers nearby streams such as Kogawa, Mukaigawa, and Kenashigawa, and joins the Aizumamegawa River in Komaba Town, Toyota City. In Toyota City, we are promoting the creation and utilization of an attractive space that integrates the city and the waterfront in cooperation with the city center, and it seems that we have been working on the "Yahagi River Waterside Project" since 2016. The Yahagi River used to be the main artery of trade, industry, and transportation, and we used the nature of the river to live alongside the river. The city has prospered thanks to boat transportation on the Yahagi River, and the industry has developed due to the use of water from the Yahagi River. The water of the Yahagi River is used for many purposes, including drinking water, agricultural water, industrial water, and power generation, supporting our lives and industries. Many creatures, including wild sweetfish, also live here. On the other hand, during floods, it seems that there is also a side where the water flows wildly, unlike the usual calm flow. The "Yahagi River Waterside Project" will create and disseminate the charm of waterfronts close to the city center by developing various uses unique to the "City and River" of the Yahagi River, which flows through the city center. As a plan for that purpose, in 2017, the “Yahagi River Town Development Plan” was formulated. For this project, the area from the Kagogawa confluence of the Yahagi River to the vicinity of the Unokubibashi Bridge is defined as the "whole area", and the area between Takahashi Bridge and Kusumibashi Bridge, which intersects Stadium Avenue, which connects Central Park from the city center, is defined as the "core area". It seems that it is being positioned and maintained. The entire area is Kagogawa (Kagogawa Natural Fishway), a fishway designed for the Kagogawa River, a first-class river that flows through Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture. Inhibits the movement of organisms (running up and down). Therefore, in the design of the fishway, we conducted a fish survey in advance, and not only sweetfish, which is generally targeted, but also fish with weak swimming ability and bottom-dwelling fish, etc. Consideration is given to accommodate the diverse species of fish that inhabit. In addition to keeping the drop below 30 cm per step, the drop is further reduced by arranging steps and making it possible to select a zigzag course.) From the confluence point The core area near Unokubi Bridge is from Takahashi to Hisumi Bridge. In addition, we aim to create an attractive river space that many citizens will use. In March 2017, the "Yahagi River Utilization Coordination Council" was established in order for citizens to consider the use of the waterside space by various entities such as private businesses. The Toyotakamo area consists of Toyota City and Miyoshi City, and covers an area of 950.51 square kilometers, accounting for 18.4% of the total area of the prefecture. The Yahagi River, which flows obliquely from north to south through the center of the region, seems to divide the region into the west and the east. In the south of the western part, the fertile alluvial area of the Yahagi River spreads out, and both agriculture and industry are prosperous, and the automobile-related industry in particular boasts world-class achievements. A variety of crops such as peaches, grapes, and orchids are produced here, and a distinctive agriculture that takes advantage of the characteristics of the region is practiced. On the other hand, the eastern part is a hilly and mountainous area bordering on Gifu Prefecture and Nagano Prefecture on the north side, and has been planted with Japanese cedar and cypress since ancient times, forming one of the prefecture's leading forestry areas. occupies. In addition, due to the topography, villages and farmlands are scattered in the valleys, and because of the poor cultivation conditions, small-scale farmers make up the majority of the area. The Yahagi River, Tomoe River, and Nagura River are used for inland water fisheries, mainly sweetfish. Agriculture in this area ranges from plains to hilly and mountainous areas, and various types of agricultural production are carried out according to the natural conditions. In the paddy fields of the southwestern part of the country, it seems that rice farming, wheat and soybean cultivation are widely practiced by large-scale corporate organizations. In addition, fruit trees are widely cultivated in the hilly areas from the western part to the central part, and pears and peaches are one of the leading production areas in the prefecture. As for vegetables, Chinese cabbage and watermelon are often cultivated in hilly areas. As for flowers, western orchids and foliage plants are widely cultivated mainly in the flat areas, and a large amount of small lily is produced in the mountainous areas in the eastern part of the prefecture. In addition, tea is mainly produced in the southern and mountainous areas, mainly tencha. As for livestock, dairy farming, beef cattle, and poultry farming are thriving in the flat areas, and the hilly and mountainous areas seem to be the breeding zone for wagyu cattle next to the Shinshiro Shitara area. About 63,000 hectares of forest cover this area, from the plains to the eastern mountains. There are many forests centered on broad-leaved trees around the plains, and it is popular as a satoyama landscape where you can get close to nature. In addition, forests centered on cedars and cypresses spread in the eastern mountainous area, forming an excellent forestry zone and an important water source area for the upper reaches of the Yahagi River. Miyoshi City is located almost in the center of Aichi Prefecture, between Nagoya City and Toyota City, and borders Toyota City, Nisshin City, Kariya City, and Togo Town in Aichi County. Miyoshigaoka Station and Kurozasa Station on the Meitetsu Toyota Line are located in the northern part of the city, connecting with the Nagoya Municipal Subway Tsurumai Line to the center of Nagoya City. There is also the Tomei Expressway "Tomei Miyoshi Interchange", which seems to be a gateway for automobile traffic. Against the backdrop of its convenient transportation and good location, housing development has progressed in recent years as a commuter town for cities such as Nagoya and Toyota, and the population is increasing. The city is famous for its rich natural environment, lively industry, and fragrant culture. At the Wakashachi National Athletic Meet held in Aichi Prefecture in 1994, Miyoshi City was the venue for the canoe racing competition. Since then, canoeing has become so popular that not only the local Miyoshi High School, but also three junior high schools in the city have canoe clubs. With permanent racing courts at Miyoshi Pond and canoe polo at Hodaga Pond, many competitions are held every year as one of Japan's leading stadiums. It seems that there are many sculptures in the city that everyone can freely touch. The "Art Town Miyoshi Sculpture Festa" has been held every year from 1989 to 2003 with the concept of "living with art", triggered by housing development in the Miyoshigaoka area in the north. It seems to have been carried out as part of the aim of becoming a town with a rich culture. Received the Good Design Award in 2001. Their efforts have been highly evaluated. The 70 award-winning works that have achieved excellent results in the judging of the sculpture festival are installed in public facilities such as parks, street corners, and schools in the city, and are popular as symbols of the city and comforting local residents. In addition, 70 works with a high degree of perfection made of various materials color the town of Miyoshi. The city is located between Nagoya City and Toyota City. With the progress of urbanization due to the geographical advantage, the number of full-time farmers is decreasing year by year, and the proportion of second-class part-time farmers who have high incomes other than agriculture is increasing. Apparently. As a result, there is concern about an increase in idle farmland due to a lack of successors, especially among small-scale farmers. In order to conserve multi-functional farmland and foster efficient and stable agriculture, it seems that it is promoting the utilization of farmland by leading farmers. The environment surrounding agriculture continues to be severe due to the liberalization of imports of agricultural products. In order to improve farming efficiency and increase competitiveness, we will develop a production base through land improvement projects that enable efficient agricultural work, expand the scale of farming by concentrating the use of farmland, brand agricultural products, and promote the sixth industrialization of agriculture. Seems to be an important issue. In addition, agricultural land is used not only for food supply but also for green conservation. It also contributes greatly to (environment) and flood control (disaster prevention). Agricultural land is an asset not only for farmers but also for all citizens, and we promote consumption of safe and secure agricultural products produced in the city and promotion of food education. A comprehensive effort says it is necessary. As a subsidized project for revitalization of commerce and industry, industry seems to have achieved steady development with the advance of automobile-related companies. However, in recent years, the number of establishments, the number of employees, and the value of shipments of manufactured goods have remained flat. In fiscal 2006, an industrial park was created as part of the multi-functional site development project in the Tsusheng district, and the sale of lots to the manufacturing industry was completed. In addition, the manufacturing and distribution business facilities have completed the factory site of the Miyoshi Neura specific land readjustment project, and since there is no other industrial site secured in the city, it is necessary to attract companies and develop existing small and medium-sized factories. It seems that expansion must be done based on the land use plan. In addition to the business activities of existing companies, it seems necessary to support the development of new entrepreneurs and the creation of diverse industrial forms by taking advantage of the city's geographical advantage, which is located between Nagoya City and Toyota City. The current labor and employment environment is undergoing major changes, such as the expansion of employment opportunities for the elderly and women, changes in the employment awareness of young people, and an increase in the number of foreign workers. It seems that it is necessary to establish employment consultation counters and employment introduction counters as initiatives of the city. On December 16, 2022, the Miyoshi City Vegetable Gardening Federation Autumn / Winter Section will be working on "dried radish strips", which are popular due to the growing health consciousness of consumers, at JA Aichi Toyota Green Station Miyoshi in Miyoshi Town, Miyoshi City. I'm holding a meeting. The growth was sluggish due to the low rainfall in October last year, but now there are good quality varieties. It will be shipped from the 22nd, 9 days later than 2021. A total of 16 people attended the meeting that day, including members of the department, Agricultural Improvement and Extension Section of the Aichi Prefecture Toyota Kamo Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Office, market representatives, and JA staff. In order to match shipping standards, we are discussing points to note regarding bagging work and foreign matter contamination. It is made by exposing it to the wind in the cold season and drying it in the sun. As it dries, saccharification progresses and the sweetness tends to increase. Nutrients and umami (main ingredients are glutamic acid, balance with meat and fish inosinic acid, guanylic acid. Glutamic acid is one of the 20 amino acids that make up proteins, and inosinic acid and guanylic acid are classified as nucleic acids). Is condensed. It used to be produced in Aichi prefecture, but now Miyazaki prefecture seems to account for about 80% to 90% of the total production. Aichi products are valuable because they take time and effort. Nutrition is especially rich in Ca and Fe and also high in dietary fiber. Some consumers are paying particular attention to who the producers of the vegetables they are shipping, what fertilizers and pesticides they use, and whether their pesticide use standards are adhered to. In each production area market, we ask producers to enthusiastically give guidance on cultivation, and also the producers. It seems that people are shipping with thorough legal compliance. Kiriboshi radish dries in a short time, so it does not easily discolor, and it has a good natural color without using any bleach.
