【製品名(商品名)】
沖縄県産マンゴー
【種類】
Mangifera indica L.
【生産地】
沖縄県豊見城市, 沖縄市(JAおきなわ)
【名前の由来】
It is a corrupted version of the Tamil word "Mangi" in South India, the country of origin.
【主な特徴】
On March 15, 2023, JA Okinawa announced that the unit price per kilogram of mangoes shipped in fiscal 2022 was 1,700 yen, the highest since fiscal 2002 when it became a single organization. The shipment volume is 512 tons. The highest so far was 1621 yen in 2020. "Mango Day" in Okinawa Prefecture was established in 2000 by the Okinawa Agricultural and Fishery Products Sales Promotion Council, which consists of the prefecture and agricultural organizations. This day is usually in the middle of the mango (apple mango) harvest period, just before the peak season (from around July 15th to the end of July). With the establishment of Mango Day, it has become widely known both inside and outside the prefecture as a brand made in the prefecture. Also, the peak season for mangoes in Yaeyama is a little earlier than this mango day. May 25th is "Miyazaki Mango Day": "Mango (5) Nikko (2) Ko (5) Ri" and because this season is the peak season for shipment of mangoes from Miyazaki Prefecture, JA It was enacted in 2014 by the subtropical fruit tree subcommittee of the Miyazaki Prefecture Fruit Tree Promotion Council of the Miyazaki Economy Federation. “Mango” has been cultivated in Japan since the Showa era. Shoichi TATE: In 1984, at that time, he instructed farmers to grow as the chief of fruit trees in Japan Agricultural Cooperatives SAITO. I was impressed by the encounter during my visit to Okinawa and brought it to Miyazaki. It wasn't until the 2000s that domestic production increased. However, it was not easy because pollen is vulnerable to rain. One by one, carefully net and ripen and harvest naturally fallen fruits from the branch. The sweetness and flavor of ‘Ripe Mangoes’ that have taken time and effort are incomparable to imported products. It also has excellent cold resistance and can be cultivated without the need for a greenhouse. Irwin-Variety introduction-Origin: USA, HADEN, Because of its strong peculiar smell, people have different tastes in Japan. A variety that has a strong taste and is popular in Europe and the United States. The pericarp is red, round in shape, and looks like an apple. First called Apple Mango. Lippenss-It is the mother of Irwin and has a higher sugar content than Irwin.It is a variety with few fibers, and the impression is that it is a little small. The color of the pericarp is slightly reddish yellow even when fully ripe. Origin: Hawaii, Rapoza-A variety that is a child of Irwin, and is a little big. The pericarp is red at the top and yellow at the bottom, with white and fine spots throughout. Impression that it is juicy and sweet and has very little fiber. “Irwin” : Cultivated in Florida, USA-Around 1954, to Tainan City, Taiwan. Later, cultivation became popular in Japan as well. The main cultivated area has a warm climate. It turns red like an apple, and the juicy fruits are bright orange. Most of the mangoes cultivated in Japan. Ripeness is required, but this product is almost fully ripe. It is time to eat after the fragrance becomes stronger and you feel the softness in your hands. Therefore, it is better to have some wrinkles on the skin. Cultivation of mangoes began in eastern India and Myanmar about 4,000 years ago, and it is said to be so in Buddhist scriptures. It seems that mangoes were first brought to Japan in Kagoshima Prefecture in the early Meiji period, but mango cultivation in Okinawa began in 1897 when it was cultivated at the Agricultural Experiment Station, after which several varieties were introduced and adapted. Subjected to sexual interrogation. However, because the flowering season coincides with the rainy season, it is difficult to bear fruit, and anthracnose occurs, causing the entire flower bud to die, and even if it does flower, it does not bear fruit, making commercial cultivation impossible. I didn't. Later, in 1958, the “Hayden” variety was introduced from Hawaii, followed by five in 1973 and four in 1975. After that, dozens of cultivars were cultivated on a trial basis, including cultivars introduced from Taiwan and other countries. At the same time, since around the 1970s, rain shelter cultivation has been practiced in vinyl greenhouses, which has made it possible to control anthracnose and stabilize fruit setting, and the economic cultivation of mangoes has become full-scale. Later, in addition to the establishment of dwarfing cultivation techniques, the eradication of the melon fly, which had been the biggest factor limiting the shipment of fruit to the mainland, in 1993 increased the motivation of farmers to produce mangoes, and the cultivation area increased listening. What is generally called apple mango is a common name, and it seems that it is officially called Irwin (Aibun) variety. It is said that 96% of mangoes cultivated in Japan are of this variety, making it the most popular variety in Japan. Miyazaki's own brand "Taiyo no Tamago" (a ripe mango that meets strict standards such as "over 15 degrees of sugar content", "over 350 g in weight", and "beautiful color and shape") is also from this variety. Harvested in Okinawa from June to early August, when fully ripe the skin turns red and the fruit falls off naturally. Fruit weight is 300-500 g, long oval, bright red skin, orange flesh, almost no fiber, fine and juicy, sugar content 12-15%, acidity about 0.21%, seeds. Is small and thin. It is more resistant to cold than other varieties and is excellent for economic cultivation, but on the other hand, it is susceptible to anthracnose. At first, small spots are formed on young leaves, and the color changes from brown to black-brown. These gradually enlarge to form black-brown, circular lesions, and when the symptoms become severe, the leaves seem to fall off. A large number of florets are formed in a tufted shape (spike) on the apical bud). When anthracnose is attacked during flowering, small brown to blackish brown spots appear on the main stem, main branch, and peduncle of the spike. After that, lesions At the same time, a large number of fallen flowers appear, and black-brown to dark-brown circular lesions appear on the fruits, which expand. The spots coalesce and the fruit drops. The symptoms of the disease may expand during transportation and even in the market, and in severe cases, it seems to reach the pulp. The center of the black-brown lesion is depressed, and the flesh color and viscous division are there. It seems that a large number of viper viscous lumps may be formed.) It seems that it is possible to suppress the occurrence rate. As I mentioned earlier, there seems to be a record that mangoes were cultivated 400 years ago, in the 16th century - the era of the "Mughal Empire" when India moved its capital from Delhi to Agra. Speaking of Agra, the world's most beautiful tomb built by the fifth king Shah Jahan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal "Taj Mahal (located in Agra in northern India, the fifth Mughal emperor Shah Jahan Mumtaz Mahal's mausoleum. The all-marble white mausoleum is a representative building of Indian and Islamic culture. It was registered as a World Heritage Site in India in 1983. Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal emperor. It is said that he loved his wife Mumtaz Mahal from the bottom of his heart, even to the point of accompanying him on the battlefield, but Mumtaz died while giving birth to his 14th child in 1631. The emperor was deeply saddened by his beloved wife. He decided to build the most beautiful mausoleum for his mourning, and thus began the construction of the Taj Mahal in 1632. The emperor devoted 20,000 workers at all times, and it took 22 years. After many years of hard work, it was finally completed in 1653. Its graceful appearance, which boasts perfect symmetry, is the name of Mumtaz, whose name means "light of the palace" or "chosen one of the palace." It was worthy of a Mahal. Emperor Shah Jahan intended to build a black marble mausoleum for himself on the opposite bank of the Taj Mahal. In addition to this, a struggle for succession among the princes also broke out. The emperor, who had emptied the treasury, was imprisoned in Agra Castle by his third son (later Emperor Aurangzeb). After that, the emperor was able to see the Taj from the window. He spent his life looking at the Mahal and thinking of his beloved wife.) is so famous. In the 16th century, the Portuguese brought mangoes to the islands of the Indian Ocean and to the marine parts of Africa. There is a record that the Dutch brought mangoes to Taiwan around 1561. Then Brazil, Mexico, Hawaii, Australia and mangoes would have been brought all over the world. Domestically produced mangoes originated in Okinawa, but as the era progressed further into the Meiji period, there are records that mangoes were cultivated in Okinawa Prefecture. Also, in the early Showa period, a person who moved from Taiwan to Okinawa brought mangoes from Taiwan and planted them in Okinawa Prefecture, and it seems that the large trees are still scattered in Okinawa Prefecture. After that, mango cultivation spread mainly in Kyushu, such as Kagoshima and Miyazaki prefectures, and now mango cultivation is being carried out in Wakayama, Shizuoka, and even Hokkaido. Since the 1970s, Tomigusuku City has been actively promoting the economic cultivation of mangoes, and has been working to become one of the first production areas in Japan. Mangoes are representative of tropical fruit trees, and the city is blessed with a mild climate, suitable conditions for cultivation, and above all, experienced and ambitious producers under the environment. It seems that the cultivation process started from a groping state, as the economic cultivation system had not been established at the beginning. Under these circumstances, JA, at the time Tomigusuku Village Agricultural Cooperative, established a fruit tree production subcommittee centered on producers. People involved say that this led to the formation of a representative production area. In June 2000, it was the first prefecture in the prefecture to be certified as a mango base production area by the prefectural governor. In the background that has supported production, not only various efforts centered on the production committee, but also consumers and I strongly feel that this is the result of our efforts to create a production area that is trusted by the market and capable of stable supply. Currently, the production area is steadily expanding, and it seems that it is developing greatly both in name and reality as a base production area. Under such circumstances, at the "Okinawa Flower and Food Festival 2009", we were the first mango-producing area to receive the Okinawa Prefecture Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Award. We aim to motivate producers to cultivate and further improve their technology, build a stable production and supply system, and actively communicate the excellence and high quality of Tomigusuku mangoes to many consumers. For the purpose of establishing and disseminating the mango brand, today we proudly declare Tomigusuku City's "Mango native place". In Tomigusuku, we have been working on cultivation for over 30 years, and various varieties have been examined, and now we mainly cultivate the Irwin variety (generally apple mango), which is a representative variety of mango. As with the Irwin variety, the Keats variety, which is known as the "phantom mango" because of its large fruit size, excellent taste and high sugar content, is also being worked on by producers and related organizations, such as promotional activities to consumers and expansion of the production base. As a result, it seems that the earliest production area in Japan has been achieved. Tomigusuku mangoes are sweeter than mangoes listed in the 5th Revised Food Composition Tables, and contain well-balanced vitamins, especially calcium and potassium. We are striving to gain the trust of consumers by disseminating information on production areas that consumers want, publicizing safe and secure production areas. In addition, we are striving to provide a stable supply at the timing and shipment volume demanded by consumers and the market. In 2010, we are working to strengthen the joint sorting system using a sugar content sensor so that we can supply better quality mangoes to consumers. In recent years, Tomigusuku City has been working to attract tourist-related facilities such as the Okinawa Outlet Mall Ashibinaa and a rental car station. In addition, the construction of one of the largest artificial beaches in the prefecture and the development of the Naha Airport Expressway are progressing, and it is expected that the epidemic will be resolved and many tourists will visit the city in the future as the gateway to tourism in Okinawa adjacent to Naha Airport. Such Tomigusuku City will transform into a new tourist town, "Tomigusuku", with its "convenience for tourism" and "producing area of tropical fruit mangoes that give a relaxing and resort feeling" coloring the image of tropical resort Okinawa.
この記事へのコメント