【製品名（商品名）】
あきた夏丸チッチェ
【種類】
Citrullus lanatus（Thunb.）Matsumura ＆ Nakai
【生産地】
秋田県横手市平鹿地区（JA秋田ふるさと, JA全農あきた）
【名前の由来】
An excellent agricultural product representing AKITA from the impression of summer and the shape of a watermelon. In addition, the sugar content is high, the flesh is firm and has a strong crispness, and both the taste and texture are good. It has no cavities or moisture, and almost no cracks when cut, so it is suitable for sale by the cut. Akita Natsumaru Chitche（It comes from the Akita dialect, which means small, meaning small and cute.）watermelon is a new variety that debuted in 2014. While retaining the crunchiness of a giant ball watermelon, it was highly praised in the market for its handy size, and quickly spread throughout the jurisdiction.
【主な特徴】
The Yokote Basin, located in the southeastern part of Akita Prefecture, is a breadbasket that is irrigated with water taken from the Minase River and the Naruse River, which are tributaries of the Omono River system. In the government-run projects, including the western Yokote district, the government-run Omonogawa water type Agricultural Irrigation Project (1946-1980) covers an area of approximately 10,000 hectares, and repairs head works, irrigation canals, and drainage canals. Farming in this area has a long history, and it is said that around the time of Tenpyo Hoji (754-764), a weir was built at the foot of Mt. Masato along the Tagonai River (now Naruse River) to open up a small amount of arable land. An ancient document describing the history of water conflicts, "History of the Omono River's irrigation" It is speculated that since prehistoric times, the Minase and Naruse rivers have repeatedly overflowed and flooded, and the positions of the rivers have changed greatly. It is said that the Naruse River was flowing near Daigo, Hiraka Town when Minamoto no Yoshiie visited this place in the late Heian period, around the time of the Gosannen no Eki (1083-1087). After that, the Naruse River gradually moved southwards, and settled in its present location during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (around 1336 to 1392). It seems that securing water was a fierce struggle with nature for the farmers because the water facilities moved along with the flow of the river. There are few materials on the agricultural history of the Hiraka area in the Middle Ages, and the date is uncertain, but it can be inferred that small ponds were built around the water supply of Koshimizu hanging, which used spring water and falling water, and the cultivation of rice fields was promoted. It seems However, the water supply was still scarce, and there are records of disputes over water. According to land surveys conducted in the late Middle Ages (late 1500s), the total rice harvest in the Hirashika and Ogatsu regions was recorded as about 7,000 tons. Akita Natsumaru, an original variety of Akita Prefecture, was bred in Akita Prefecture to suit the climate and soil conditions of Akita Prefecture. The giant ball watermelon "Akita Natsumaru" is characterized by its crisp and pleasant texture and firm and juicy flesh. It has a high sugar content and a refreshing taste. The small ball watermelon Akita Natsumaru Chicce is a small ball watermelon that inherits the characteristics of the Akita Natsumaru, and is characterized by its chewy texture and firm flesh. The skin is thin, so you can eat deliciously until the end. Application number 28878, application date 2014/01/27, application publication date 2014/07/14, registration number 24833, registration date 2016/03/07, duration of breeder's right 25 years, breeding Name and address of the registered variety, Akita Prefecture (Sanno, Akita City, Akita Prefecture): Name of the person who raised the registered variety, Shinichi Tsubaki, Tomohiro Sato, Kazumasa Miura, Restrictions on exporting Designated country Designation of restrictions on production, overview of plant characteristics of locally registered varieties, polyploidy is diploid, cotyledon shape is elliptical, cotyledon color is medium green, leaf blade size is moderate Large, medium length/width of leaf blade, green color of leaf blade, slightly notched leaf blade, green vein color of leaf blade, light weight of fruit, shape of longitudinal section of fruit Wide elliptical shape, truncate tip of fruit, ground color of pericarp is green, pattern of streaks on pericarp is uniform and marbled, width of streaks on pericarp is slightly narrow, main streaks on pericarp are Color is dark green, the pericarp has strong distinct streaks, the periphery of the pericarp is clear, the size of the pistil scar on the fruit is very large, the fruit has no or very weak waxy substance, and the outer pulp is thick. The main color of the inner pulp is red, the length of the seed (limited to diploid and tetraploid cultivars) is short, and the ground color of the seed coat (limited to diploid and tetraploid cultivars) is Black, presence or absence of multi-colored seed coat (limited to diploid and tetraploid cultivars) is absent. The applied cultivar 'Akita Natsumaru Chitche' has slightly narrower stripes on the pericarp than the control cultivar 'Akita Sharin Musume', and the size of pistil marks on the fruit is the largest. etc., can be distinguished. Compared to the control cultivar 'Hitorijime HM', it can be distinguished from the others by the fact that the width of the stripes on the pericarp is slightly narrower and the size of the pistil scar on the fruit is extremely large. Akita Natsumaru Chitche (Akita Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Variety Registration No. 24833) Pack of 100: (development process), small ball size F variety selected by crossing small ball and giant ball varieties. A small ball with a taste similar to a giant ball. Features: Flesh quality that changes the image of small ball so far. It's hard and close to a giant ball, and it's crispy and delicious. It has excellent shelf life and a long edible period (about 2 weeks at room temperature). The flesh is dark red and has a high sugar content of 12 to 13 degrees. The shape of the fruit is almost spherical, and the dark green skin has beautiful thick stripes. The fruit is hard to split, and the fruit surface is smooth and does not crack. The maturity period is about 38 days after flowering in early-ripening greenhouse cultivation, and about 32 days in greenhouse cultivation after raising seedlings. It has strong grass, large leaves, thick vines and short internodes. Stable fruiting. Produced and sold by: Seed Center, Agricultural Promotion Department, Akita Prefectural Agriculture Public Corporation, Akita Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station. Yokote City in Akita Prefecture is located in the center of the Yokote Basin in the inland area of the prefecture. The climate is a typical inland climate, with an average annual temperature of 10.9 degrees, precipitation of 1,643 millimeters, sunshine hours of 1,418 hours, snow cover period of around 110 days, and the maximum snow depth exceeding 1 meter, making it one of the prefecture's leading heavy snowfall areas. On October 1, 2005, 1 city, 5 towns and 2 villages merged to form Yokote City. By the end of 2020, the non-rice sector, such as vegetables, flowers, fruits, and livestock, accounted for 51% of the total amount, exceeding the prefectural average (41%). Vegetables such as watermelon, Natsuaki cucumber, green soybeans, spinach, summer and autumn tomato, and asparagus are among the leading production areas in the prefecture. In particular, the amount of watermelon shipped is number one in the prefecture and is a representative crop of the region. Summer and Autumn cucumber (designated in 1989) and Summer and Autumn tomato (designated in 1991) are nationally designated production areas. Flowers such as chrysanthemums, lisianthus, and lilies have been established as production areas. As for fruit trees, apple cultivation accounts for 53% of the prefecture's total area, and is highly evaluated in markets both inside and outside the prefecture as "Hiraka apples". In addition, the production of fungal bed shiitake mushrooms is also popular. At Yokote, cucumbers began to be cultivated as a crop rotation crop when the paddy fields were reorganized around 1978, and the cultivated area has been increasing in recent years. In fiscal 2020, 91 producers worked on cucumbers, with a cultivation area of 14.01 hectares, with a breakdown of 79% outdoor cultivation and 21% greenhouse cultivation and expanded to 13%. The cultivation area per household is 15.4 ares, which is small, and in recent years, it seems that large-scale management entities with 1 hectare or more have entered the market by utilizing Akita Prefecture's horticultural mega-complex development project. The horticultural mega-complex development project is a prefectural independent project aimed at consolidating items as much as possible and aiming for sales of 100 million yen through the consolidation. If the JA becomes the project implementing body, the project costs will be 1/2 by the prefecture, 1/4 by the municipalities, and 1/4 by the JA, and it will be possible for the producers to keep the initial investment as low as possible. Amid the problem of a decrease in the number of producers due to the aging population and lack of successors, in 2015 the Akita Furusato Agricultural Cooperative, which has Yokote City within its jurisdiction, became the main business entity, utilizing the horticultural mega-park development project to develop a large-scale cucumber park. It seems that he worked on the development of Through this project, it seems that the producers are enjoying the merit of being able to work on large scale with less burden because they can borrow facilities, materials, machines, etc. from JA on a 10-year lease. Since outdoor cultivation is the core of the area, there was a large fluctuation in the production rate from year to year due to factors such as weather disasters and wind-induced scratches, which was an issue. As a countermeasure, around 2017, the introduction of insect net cultivation, which was practiced in Fukushima Prefecture, was promoted, but the scale of introduction was small at the time, and it seems that the merits such as cost-effectiveness could not be clarified, and it did not spread. In recent years, large-scale industrial complexes have been planned, and labor distribution and stable production measures have been required. A 6% effect has been demonstrated. As a result, introduction to horticultural mega estates and members of the department has progressed, and the area of insect repellent net cultivation has expanded dramatically from 0.67 hectares in 2016 to 1.82 hectares in 2020. It is located in the central part of the Yokote basin, which extends inland in the southern part of Akita prefecture. Area of about 35 km east-west and about 20 km north-south including part of Yokote City（Other folk events having a characteristic of the preliminary celebration include events of Niwataue (literally, rice planting in the garden) such as 'Secchutaue (literally, race planting in snow)' in Yoshida, Yokote City, Akita Prefecture and 'Enburi (a rice planting dance named after a tool for rice field preparation)' in Hachinohe City, Aomori Prefecture.）and Misato Town（Former Sennan Village, There is a monument indicating 'Birthplace of Natto' in Misato Town, Senboku District (Akita Prefecture). ）. In the eastern part, there are a series of orchards centered on apples along the Ou Mountains. In the western part, the Dewa hills are blessed with grass resources and livestock is being promoted. From the center to the west, fertile cultivated land, mainly paddy fields, develops in the Omono River basin, which originates from the Ou Mountains. It is famous as the best complex agricultural area in the prefecture. It has a typical inland climate with a snowfall of 1.0 to 1.5 m, which is one of the most heavy snowfall areas in the prefecture. The warm season is warm and blessed with sunshine, and the daily temperature range is large, making it suitable for agricultural production. Yokote City, H23: From midnight on April 3 to early afternoon on April 4, the influence of a low pressure system that developed like a typhoon in the city : A storm accompanied by snow occurred in the entire area, and the anemometer of the city fire department measured a maximum instantaneous wind speed of 36.7 m. Major damage occurred in each area, such as the tin on the roof being blown off and the greenhouse for agriculture being completely destroyed. In the Omori area, utility poles broke in half, causing power outages in about 13,000 households in the city. The water outage continued in a wide area, which had a great impact on the lives of citizens. The effect of the rain that continued to fall due to the approaching trough from July 5th to 6th : The rivers and waterways in the city are flooded. Major damage such as flooding of houses and flooding of roads and farmlands, mainly in the Hiraka and Omonogawa areas. This rain recorded 107.5 mm, which is the largest 24-hour rainfall in the history of observation in July（Akita Local Meteorological Observatory（Agency）Yokote Observatory Observations）. Major damage was confirmed in 3 dwelling inundations above the floor, 65 inundations below the floor, and 86 inundations in non-residential houses. The flood damage of agricultural products exceeded 690 ha, which was a big hurt for farmers waiting for harvest. As I learned from the news, I remember reading the local tabloids and feeling sad. Eight municipalities merged on October 1, 2005（旧横手市, 増田町, 平鹿町, 雄物川町, 大森町, 十文字町, 山内村, 大雄村）. The four seasons of the northern country are stunningly colorful, and spring when the snow melts and the flowers bloom all at once. Everyone wants the four seasons, which bring out the seasons and are full of emotion. It is nurtured in a climate with a large temperature difference between fertile soil and Yokote's rich fruit. The fertile soils of the Yokote basin and the unique climate have nurtured good crops and a unique food culture and people. Association for the Preservation of the Mt. Horowa November Shinto Music : “Shikinai-sha” Horowasan Haushibetsu Shrine ; Emperor Ankan,27th generation. On August 15, 1957, the 1200th Anniversary Festival is held. In 1977, it was designated as a national important intangible folk cultural property. The Shinto music-den was designated as a national tangible important cultural property in 1980 as a two-way building in the Muromachi period. Japanese destroyer Shimotsuki Kagura : The system is divided into Yutate Kagura, and priests from nearby areas gather at the temple of the priest and perform kagura throughout the night. Consists of the 33rd Shinto ritual. In Horowasan terpsichore, there is a scene in which psychic announces a decree (word of God) in the middle of the dance, which conveys the appearance of a lady-in-waiting who can be said to be the prototype of a shrine maiden. The traditional folk entertainment designated an important intangible folk cultural property handed down in Yasawagi, Omori Town, Yokote City, Akita Prefecture. Other folk events having a characteristic of the preliminary celebration include events of Niwataue (literally, rice planting in the garden) such as 'Secchutaue (literally, race planting in snow)' in Yoshida, Yokote City, Akita Prefecture and 'Enburi (a rice planting dance named after a tool for rice field preparation)' in Hachinohe City, Aomori Prefecture（A small year traditional event fortune-telling the fertility of rice cultivation this year.）"Kanezawa Shrine of the God of War Song Event" : At the evening palace festival, which is an annual festival, an improvisational song battle is held throughout the night. Two of the players nominated as judges will give a wide range of subjects from familiar to overseas topics. An event reminiscent of the remnants of an ancient dancing and singing feast of young men and women in ancient Japan, where the songs of Senboku nikatabushi are improvised with lyrics. Queen Sun-Fuji Apple: Sun Fuji, which is cultivated without a purse, can be exposed to Sun light compared to Fuji apple, and tends to have a stronger sweetness. Rich in sweetness made by crossing Ralls Janet（Kokko ; Originated in the United States Commonwealth of Virginia（caleb ralls farm）. Around 1868 (Keio 4, the first year of the Meiji era) or (Meiji 4). In Japan, it has been active as a key variety of apple production for more than 100 years in the Meiji, Taisho and Showa eras. The unification of names was realized in 1900 (Meiji 33), and until then, the names differed depending on the region. It is useful as the latest species.）and Delicious, with plenty of juice and crunchy. This is a selection of products. Only those that have passed the sugar content, appearance, coloring, shape, etc., checked with an optical sensor（透過光 ; transmitted light）, It（ refers to the light that has passed through an object, but this tomato is a beautiful product. Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law; Pierre Bouguer（仏）, August Beer, Johann Heinrich Lambert（独） transmittance: Percentage of incident light of a specific wavelength passing through the sample（光学）. A method that stabilizes the absorption of light by substances. Fresnel equations: Fresnel coefficient; amplitude reflection coefficient; amplitude transmission coefficient And, conducted an impact survey of radioactive substances before shipping. Honey（Sorbitol ; It tends to be made from leaves by photosynthesis and carried into the fruit. It is converted into fructose and sucrose, which are the sources of sweetness in the fruit. However, when it is fully ripe, it stops converting to sugar and absorbs water as it is.）sensor ; Measure the size of the flesh, which has become transparent and yellow around the core. Due to the special electronic circuit technology, it is almost unaffected by indoor lighting and outdoor sun light, and is almost unaffected by outside air temperature. In a general example, an apple is placed on a circular rubber sheet base on the edge of an infrared irradiation window and pressed by hand for measurement. Only high class for gifts that has all the elements of “sugar content, taste, and color”. What I'm listening to is the one in the Masuda district of Yokote city. I don't need words. Hope you try and taste it! Thanks to Mr. Takao Yaguchi（1939-2020）. Akita Natsumaru Watermelon（Akita Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Variety Registration No. 15132)） : It is an original variety of watermelon that Akita Prefecture's Agricultural Experiment Station took about 10 years to grow to suit the conditions of Akita's climate and soil. The large watermelon "Akita Natsumaru" is crispy! It is characterized by its pleasant texture and firm and juicy pulp. It has a high sugar content and a refreshing taste. The crops are shipped from mid-July to the end of August, and we are promoting diversification of crop types for a continuous shipping system by combining regular pruning cultivation, tunnel cultivation, normal cultivation, and restrained cultivation. Small ball Watermelon's "Akita Natsumaru Chicce" is a small ball watermelon that inherits the characteristics of "Akita Natsumaru", and is characterized by its chewy texture and firm flesh. The skin is thin, so you can eat deliciously until the end. The name comes from the Akita dialect "chicche" which means "small". At the Agricultural Experiment Station of the Akita Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center, with the goal of producing large ball watermelons with red flesh suitable for normal open field cultivation, commercial F1 breeds are combined with progeny fixed lines. In watermelons, the mating direction (forward and reverse) is a characteristic of F1 The general idea is that it has nothing to do with the 15 breeding lines, and (15 × 14) / 2 = 105 different F1s could be created by simply combining them, but it seems that they were breeding from the same material variety. Do not combine strains, strains with soft flesh As a result of considerations such as not combining lines with each other, avoiding lines without bloom (waxy substance on the surface of the fruit), and combining with black seed color (black is dominant), the 2000 Fall / Winter crop yields 20 F1 mix seeds. From 2001, it seems that the characteristics of the breeding F1 lines and the narrowing down of promising lines were conducted. In 2001, a total of 20 strains bred were compared in open-field ordinary cultivation in an agricultural test field, and among them, four strains ('Autumn Test Exchange No. 4', 'Ex. In addition, the characteristics survey was also conducted in the open field normal cultivation of the field test, and 'Autumn test exchange No. 4' and 'Dokyo No. 5' were recognized as promising from the variety of fruits and taste. In 2002, we added tunnel mobile cultivation to the field test, and in 2003, we recognized 'Autumn Test Exchange No. 5 Watermelon' as the most promising, judged it to be superior to existing varieties, and started breeding. completion. In April 2004, we applied for the cultivar registration under the cultivar name 'Akita Natsubiyori (Natsubiyori Watermelon)', which was decided by public offering, Received an order to change the middle name, and the runner-up, 'Akita Natsumaru watermelon' In October 2004, the application was published. The variety was registered in March 2007 (No. 15135) after a field survey of the applied variety in July 2005. The characteristics of the parent line of the F1 variety 'Akita Natsumaru Watermelon' are that the mother 'H09sTI-2' is a fixed progeny of 'Koryoku watermelon' (Villemorin Mikado Co., Ltd.) and has strong grass, slightly large leaves, and slightly large fruits. The fruit is small, but has a dark green color, a high sugar content, and a dark flesh color. The fruit surface is slightly grooved, the bloom is very dark at maturity, and the seeds are black. On the other hand, 'H09sIW-1' of the father is 'Tsuru no Izumi Watermelon' (bred by Iwakura Seed Store (Nishiwaki, Suruga Ward, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture)), which is progeny-fixed. It has excellent cultivating characteristics such as large and well-arranged seeds.It seems that this line has no bloom on the pericarp and black-brown seeds. In addition, both parents seem to have a strong sense of sharpness. F1 'Akita Natsumaru Watermelon' has quantitative traits such as elongation, grass Vigor Leaf size Fruit size Pericarp color Thickness of streaks, sugar content, flesh color (darkness of redness), flesh hardness, etc. are almost intermediate between the parents, and expressed dominantly in qualitative traits. A strong bloom occurs on the fruit surface, and the seed color seems to be black. H09sTI-2( ) H09sIW-1( ) ♀ ♂. Yokote City is famous for being the number one producer of watermelons in Akita Prefecture. The city is located in the Yokote Basin, surrounded by mountains to the east and west, and is said to be suitable for growing watermelons due to the large temperature difference between day and night. In the city, there is a tendency to cultivate mainly the "Akita Natsumaru Watermelon" series, which is an original variety of Akita Prefecture. This excellent range of produce is characterized by its crispy texture and sweet taste. By the way, it seems that July 20th is Akita Natsumaru Day because it means 7 (7), 2 (2), and 0 (0). It seems that the following three policies were set at the beginning of Akita Prefecture's breeding goals. First of all, he emphasized the dissemination of the results, and rather than watermelons with special characteristics, it seems that he targeted the types that are the most popular in this prefecture today, such as large ball, spherical shape, striped skin, and red meat. No. Secondly, in order to cultivate varieties that are easy to cultivate and adapted to the weather conditions of this prefecture, it seems that they decided to carry out breeding selection within the prefecture. Thirdly, F1 varieties that are well-matched, can accumulate many excellent traits, and can compete with the varieties developed by private seed manufacturers. It seems that it was decided to nurture it. Open-field ordinary cultivation, which is the main cropping type in Akita Prefecture, is a sparse planting that produces fruits per stump. Since a large number is required, the ball must be well-matched and the rate of excellent products must be high. In recent years, cut sales have become mainstream due to the progress of nuclear families, so hollow fruits are less likely to occur, and the flesh color is bright. Due to changes in consumer tastes, it should be hard, chewy, and have a high sugar content. It is to have originality that can be differentiated from other production areas. In addition, since there were no native watermelon species in Akita Prefecture, breeding began with the introduction of materials. At that time, the main cultivars in the prefecture were 'Hissho Watermelon' (developed by Yamato Farm) with high yield in open field cultivation, and Kansen Watermelon (marutane seedling cultivation) with high sugar content in regular pruning cultivation. On the other hand, it seems that there was also a problem with cultivation. In other words, 'Hissho Watermelon' is easy to crack, and the pulp is moist here and there. . During the five years from 1994 to 1998, he introduced F1 55 breeds of large red meat balls on the market and investigated their characteristics. For the introduction, not only varieties that are popular in the prefecture, but varieties from all over the country were collected to search for materials.From the results of the characteristic survey, 13 F1 varieties were considered promising as breeding materials. The first F2 separation was started in 1995, and since then F2 separation has progressed as needed, and by 2000, the fixation has been completed in the F5 generation and above. Among the 13 varieties used as breeding materials, some strains were discontinued in the middle of selection, and it seems that 15 strains were finally obtained from 8 varieties. For these lines, the excellent characteristics retained by the F1 parent cultivar are maintained almost unchanged. It seems that I was able to Generation promotion was carried out by ground cultivation with 40 cm spacing between each plant and one fruit. In addition, it seems that trial mating combinations were performed from the F4 generation onwards. The reason why the number of F2 isolated generations is around 15 strains is that preliminary tests revealed that the progeny of the large ball cultivar on the market has a relatively narrow range of mutation, so we concentrated on a small number of cultivars. Rather than tackling systematically, many cultivar progeny should be broadly and shallowly dealt with. It seems that it was determined that it was more efficient to get it.
