Agricultural Improvement（農業向上）

サン昂林

【種類】

Malus pumila Mill.

【生産地】

山形県山形市, 上山市, 東村山郡中山町, 山辺町（JAやまがた 広域選果場: 山形市天神町）

【名前の由来】

It has a sugar acidity comparable to that of Fuji apples (an apple cultivar that was bred in NARO in the late 1930s and registered in 1962. It is a cross between Red Delicious apples and Kokko apples). In terms of balance, the Korin apple found in Fukushima Prefecture is said to be a branch change of the Fuji apple, although one parent is unknown. The impression is that the taste is similar to Fuji apples, as it is a cross-selected variety that draws the blood of this excellent agricultural product. Since the provenance is not well known, the godfather is also unknown.

【主な特徴】

PFI business method and business type: There seems to be several business methods such as BTO method, BOT method, BOO method, and RO method. The BTO (Build Transfer and Operate) method is a method in which a private business operator constructs a facility, transfers ownership to the public immediately after the facility is completed, and the private business operator maintains, manages, and operates the facility. Since the facility becomes government property, the exclusive use of the national and local governments is guaranteed. Since the risk of owning a building is borne by the national and local governments, the risk borne by the private sector is low. Since the national and local governments have ownership of the facilities, it seems possible to change the functions and uses according to the needs of the government. The BOT (Build Operate and Transfer) method is a method in which a private business operator constructs a facility, maintains and operates it, and transfers the ownership of the facility to the public after the completion of the project. Real estate acquisition tax, registration and license tax, property tax, and city planning tax are imposed when a private business operator constructs a facility. At this time, the new tax burden imposed on private businesses will be added to the service fee paid by the national and local governments, so the total cost will increase. The BOO (Build Operate and Own) method is a method in which a private business operator constructs, maintains, and operates a facility, but does not transfer ownership to the public. The RO (Rehabilitate Operate) method is a method in which private business operators raise funds themselves, repair and repair existing facilities, and manage and operate them. As a self-supporting type, a private business operator raises funds, constructs and operates facilities, and collects funds by collecting fees from users. The public sector only grants business licenses, and the private sector bears the risks of construction and operation. As for the service-providing model, the private sector will raise funds, construct and operate the facility, and the public sector will be the main purchaser of the service. As a general rule, business risks are borne by the private sector, but costs are recovered through payments from the public sector. As a public-private partnership type (JV type with the public sector), facilities are constructed and operated using both public and private funds. The previous commitment clarifies the division of roles between the public and private sectors, and the introduction of PFI (Private Finance Initiative) will transfer risks to the private sector. Public services of good quality are provided to the public at low cost. It also improves the way governments are involved in the provision of public services. Create new business opportunities for the private sector and contribute to economic revitalization. In the 2022 JA jurisdiction, about 180 producers of the wide-area cucumber group, mainly in Yamagata City, are cultivating in greenhouses and outdoors. On April 4th, this year’s shipping work began in earnest in Yamagata City, the prefecture’s number one cucumber producing area, and has been well received. The JA Yamagata Seibu Agricultural Center cucumber sorting plant in Minamiishizeki, the city, is in operation, and cucumbers harvested in the morning are sorted one after another according to standards and delivered to the market, related companies, and consumers. The largest cucumber production area in the prefecture leading the promotion of large-scale horticultural complexes: Yamagata Agricultural Cooperative Wide Area Cucumber Section (Yamagata City). The sales amount was 570 million yen, accounting for about half of the handling volume of JA Zen-noh Yamagata. A subcommittee was established in March 1998, and the prefecture’s first large-scale cucumber sorting facility was constructed in the center of the cucumber production area in Yamagata City. As with other production areas, due to the aging population Although the number of members decreased, the shipment volume per department member was maintained, and the sales amount per department member seemed to rise steadily. In the subcommittee, young people visit farms, conduct training sessions, conduct nutrition diagnosis, etc., and promote the making of friends. It seems that they are trying to get young producers to settle down. As a characteristic activity, we have established a long-term shipping system by combining cropping types, and by combining greenhouse cultivation and open-field cultivation, we are building a long-term shipping system that is not found in other production areas in the prefecture. With long-term shipments from mid-March to late November, it plays a role as a budding Tohoku production area in switching from Kanto to Tohoku in relay shipments nationwide. It seems that the production area is trusted by the market. In order to ensure stable production, in greenhouse cultivation, soil disinfection such as solar heat disinfection is incorporated between forcing cultivation and restraint cultivation, and it seems that they are working on measures against soil diseases. In addition, as a countermeasure against physiological disorders, it seems that they are working on fertilization and soil preparation based on soil analysis. It seems that young producers are working on real-time nutrition diagnosis that can be measured quickly in the field or greenhouse as fertilizer management based on nutrition diagnosis, and the results are used for fertilizer management and grass growth management. With a strong desire to secure and nurture young agricultural successors who will be responsible for the production area as a direction for future development, the group and the Yamagata Agricultural Cooperative have started the concept of a greenhouse complex. A 1 ha greenhouse complex was developed near the cucumber sorting field, and the greenhouse was rented out to bearers. “Stealth Omicron; BA.2 (since there is del / 69/70, SGFT method (Suspended Glass Fiber that is finely crushed and mixed with water. A technique for concentrating DNA using the property of adsorbing DNA)” Is it an Omicron strain? It is indistinguishable. It has been replaced in multiple countries such as the United Kingdom and Denmark since January 2022.) ”It seems that this is the first time that infection has been confirmed in Yamagata Prefecture. In the prefecture, as a result of genome analysis of one patient who was confirmed to be infected with the new coronavirus last month, it is called “BA.2”, which is pointed out that one of the Omicron strains has stronger infectivity than before. It was announced on March 5, 2022 that it was confirmed to be infected with a strain of virus. Don’t worry, the citizens of the prefecture are thoroughly preventing and calling attention. I hope that we will return to a society where people can feel at ease and that people’s lives will return. Thank you for demonstrating leadership from politicians. The eastern part of JA Yamagata’s jurisdiction borders Miyagi Prefecture with the Ou Mountains in the background, and the Murayama Basin spreads out in the western part, and the Asahi-gassan Mountain Range shows a beautiful mountain range beyond that. It is adjacent to the Okitama district in the south and Tendo / Sagae City in the north. Although it is a separate union from the Yamagata City Agricultural Cooperative, which has its head office in Saiwai Town, Yamagata City, the business areas of the entire Yamagata City overlap. The Yamagata City Agricultural Cooperative Association mentioned above registered the geographical indication (GI) as “Yamagata Celery” in April 2018. In addition to GI registration, it seems that they are making various efforts to make Yamagata celery a production area. Together with JA Zen-Noh Yamagata, we have launched the “Yamagata Celery“ Agricultural Mirai Base Creation Project, forming a greenhouse complex to secure new farmers and increasing the shipment value of Yamagata Celery. By passing on the skills of skilled producers to young producers and continuing a certain amount of shipments, it seems that they were aiming for GI registration as a brand building that survived as a production area evaluated by the market and looked ahead. The history of celery cultivation in Yamagata is that in 1968, four young producers were the leading celery cultivators at that time in order to acquire the celery cultivation technology that was difficult to cultivate. It is said that the start was to go to a stay-over training under (Edogawa Ward, Tokyo). After that, it seems that the training members will play a central role in establishing the Yamagata City Western Vegetable Production Association, which will be the predecessor of the current JA Yamagata City Vegetable Horticulture Expert Committee Celery Department in 1972. Yamagata’s celery cultivation is a combined management with paddy rice, and is carried out in two seasons, the spring crop from May to June and the autumn crop from October to November. The cultivars cultivated are popular large-scale varieties cultivated in other production areas (trademark registered name “Tono Celery” based on Cornell 619) and Yamagata is the only production area that has been cultivated since 1986. It is a small cultivar (trademark registered name “Hime celery” derived from Wakatake). In 1997, it seems to be the only production area in Tohoku with 26 celery members and a shipment value of over 100 million yen. With the assistance of Yamagata City, Yamagata Prefecture, the national government, etc., we are proceeding with the development of a base for the house complex with the aim of fostering new leaders such as new farmers and large-scale accumulation of horticultural complex, and 18 cultivation houses in FY2015. (5258 m2), 17 cultivation houses (5157 m2) in 2016, 1 seedling raising house (1914 m2), 32 cultivation houses (10,193 m2) in 2017, totaling 68 buildings (including seedling raising greenhouse) . The JA will rent 4.79 hectares (47,900 m2) of agricultural land by 2019, develop 74 buildings in the entire cultivation house, and increase the celery shipment value to 150 million yen, which is about 1.5 times the peak value. It seems that he had a plan. After the construction of the greenhouse complex started, the shipment value seems to have increased steadily to 48.43 million yen in 2015, 66.12 million yen in 2016, and 78.31 million yen in 2017. The JA seems to have created a situation where new farmers can easily start farming by renting agricultural land and developing a cultivation house for Yamagata celery. Those who want to start farming for celery cultivation receive two years of training under the celery staff. It seems that two skilled members in their 60s were in charge of the training. After two years of training, it seems that you can start farming immediately by renting a cultivation greenhouse in the house complex. Although it is said that celery is difficult to cultivate, it seems that new farmers first cultivate a small variety of celery, “Hime celery”, which is relatively easy to cultivate. Here, a system for receiving cultivation guidance has been put in place, and it seems that there is no need to worry about finding land, which is difficult when starting farming. The cultivation greenhouse in the house complex is also equipped with irrigation equipment, and it seems that tractors, management machines, transport vehicles, work houses, etc. can be used only by paying an annual fee of 1000 yen per tsubo as a greenhousing complex usage fee for the cultivation greenhouse. For example, if one cultivation house is 100 unit of land measurement, it seems that it can be used for 108,000 yen including tax. This housing complex usage fee is also exempted for the first year of farming. In the same JA, the sales amount of “Hime Apium graveolens var. dulce” for spring and autumn crops is 738,390 yen, and the expenditure is 229,123 yen for seedlings, fertilizers, pesticides and corrugated cardboard materials, and freight and market fees of 109,364 yen. With a total of 338,487 yen, it seems that it was possible to secure an income of 444,903 yen after deduction. After cultivating “Hime Apium graveolens var. dulce” in the house in spring and autumn, the house will be open for 3 months from December to February, so it seems that some producers grow leaves such as spinach during that time. Celery is a vegetable that people like and dislike, so it is expected that not many households usually use it for cooking. Proposals for various ways of eating through such efforts seem to be considered to be an effective way to increase overall consumption. In addition, from the spring of 2016, under the total coordination from Mr. Daisuke NAKAYAMA, a professor at Tohoku University of Art and Design at that time, large varieties will be sold under the brand “Tono Celery” and small varieties under the brand “Hime Celery”. It seems that it became. It seems to be a brand strategy that seeks to differentiate itself from other celery producing areas. Furthermore, it should be noted that it is based on the “Act on the Protection of Names of Specified Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, etc. (GI Act)” which started about 7 years ago as Japan’s Geographical Indication Protection System (GI) and came into effect in June 2015. , It seems that it was an effort aimed at GI registration of Yamagata Cellully. Okahijiki was originally born in Nanyo City, Yamagata Prefecture. In the early Edo period, the seeds of Okahijiki harvested at Shonai Beach climbed the Mogami River, which was the main transportation route at that time, and the landing site was Sunazuka Village (currently Ringo, Nanyo City: former Ringo Village is Yamagata Prefecture). It was in Higashi-Okitama district. It is said that the cultivation started when it was planted in the area around Ringo Station on the Yamagata Railway Flower Nagai Line at the southwestern end of present-day Nanyo City. A very nutritious vegetable that was hard to find outside of Yamagata prefecture. Nowadays, it is cultivated in various areas such as Chiba and Fukuoka. It’s in season, but I heard that it’s around April and May, but it seems that many farmers are currently cultivating in the greenhouse and harvesting until winter. Especially in the Okitama area, greenhouse cultivation and tunnel cultivation seem to be the mainstream. I heard that you can harvest about 5 times a year by harvesting and sowing seeds each time. Since it has been a wild species for a long time, it has a strong vitality, and it seems that a lot of yield is expected if the soil is suitable. Even if it is picked once, the leaves will sprout immediately, so it seems that it could be harvested many times depending on the care. However, high-quality cultivation seems to be difficult because there is no successor to the producer. “Sun Korin apples” are grown with lots of sunshine and love. Also, since they are exposed to wind, rain and direct sunlight for a long time, they do not look as good as normal Korin apples, but they are said to have a rich and mellow taste. This excellent fruit can be stored normally for about one month in a refrigerator, and is classified as Nakate species and contains characteristic honey. In addition, it has a good balance of sweet and sour taste, and the size and shape is 300-350 g. The whole fruit is irregularly colored with red stripes. The flesh is yellowish white and juicy, and the texture is dense and hard. It is also considered one of the Wase Fuji apples and is commonly called the same. It seems that it is shipped in Yamagata Prefecture from around the end of September, about a month earlier than “Fuji Apple”.