【製品名（商品名）】
幸水
【種類】
Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm. f.) Nakai var. culta (Mak.) Nakai
【生産地】
栃木県宇都宮市, 河内郡上三川町, 下野市（旧南河内町）（JAうつのみや, JA全農とちぎ）
【名前の由来】
I heard that the name was taken from the parent varieties “Kikusui Pear” and “Wase Kozo Pear”.
【主な特徴】
Utsunomiya City is one of the leading pear producing areas in Japan, and boasts the highest production volume in JA depression and jurisdiction in Tochigi prefecture. Kosui Pear from Utsunomiya, which was shipped for the first time, has a freshness and a strong sweetness, and it seems to be well-received by market participants because of its good quality. It is produced by exchanging information on production technology between producers so that it can respond to recent climate change. Even in the heat of the heat, it is harvested with the desire to "eat delicious pears." Of Kosui Pear and Hosui Pear (scheduled to be harvested in late August), JA Utsunomiya promotes pears with an average sugar content of 13 degrees or more determined by an optical sensor at the fruit sorting plant as a brand agricultural product unique to Utsunomiya. Sold as "Premium 13 Pear". It seems to be popular as a perfect gift item for hot summers. Starting with the shipment of "Kosui Pear" on July 28, 2021, pears in Utsunomiya City will ship "Hosui Pear (JA Utsunomiya's luxury pear brand" Premium 13 Pear" at the eastern fruit sorting plant in Kamikomoriya Town. Will be shipped from the end of August, "Akizuki Pear" will be shipped from the beginning of September, and "Nikkori Pear" will be shipped from the beginning of October. While living is difficult due to soaring prices, the government held the first meeting of the "Comprehensive Measures for Prices, Wages and Living" and announced measures such as soaring electricity prices and soaring prices. Meanwhile, it seems that local governments have already provided support for rising prices. Regular election contests are held in various places, but this time it is an election to select half of the members of the House of Councilors. The House of Councilors does not have an election due to dissolution like the House of Representatives, so elections will always be held when the term of office expires (6 years). However, since the Constitution stipulates that half of the members of the House of Councilors will be replaced every three years, half of the fixed number will be selected once every three years. The fixed number of members of the House of Representatives is 248, of which 100 are proportional representative elected members, 148 are electoral district elected members, and because half of the members are re-elected, the number of members elected in each regular election is 50 proportional representative elected members, elections. There are 74 members elected by the ward. Let's all be interested in politics and go to the early voting and the 26th election on Sunday, the 10th of next month. But why is the old system still unchanged? Shouldn't the online voting system be adopted as soon as the age group gets wider? JA Utsunomiya has jurisdiction over 2 cities and 1 town, which is part of Utsunomiya City, Kaminokawa Town, and Shimotsuke City (formerly Minamikawachi Town, Kawachi District). Utsunomiya has a long history, and it is said that Prince Toyokiirihiko, who first set foot in this area because of Ezo suppression, was the founder of the town. The Tochigi Prefectural Office was established in 1894, and the town system was enforced in 1899 and the city system was enforced in 1906. Since then, it has become the center of the prefecture's political economy and has become famous as a military city with 14 divisions. Although most of the city area was destroyed by air raids in 1945, the land readjustment for war-damaged reconstruction was promptly promoted, and reconstruction was rarely seen in Japan. From 1954 to 1955, 10 neighboring towns and villages were merged and incorporated, the urban infrastructure was improved, and the foundation as a modern commercial city was laid. Since 1960, we have actively promoted industrial promotion measures, including the construction of the Utsunomiya Industrial Park (293 ha) and the largest inland Kiyohara Industrial Park (388 ha), and in 1984, “Utsunomiya Technopolis”. In response to the designation of the area, we have promoted the dehulling from the production base to the brain base, and the town development that organically connects industry, academia, and housing. In addition, the transportation network has been rapidly improved with the opening of the Tohoku Expressway in 1972 and the Tohoku Shinkansen in 1982. It was shortened to a minute, and transportation to and from the Tokyo area became even more convenient. Furthermore, in 2011, the North Kanto Expressway was fully opened, and as a node of the north-south and east-west arteries, the exchange of people and things is becoming more and more active. In April 1988, Sakushin Gakuin University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, and Utsunomiya Bunsei Junior College opened at the same time, and in addition to the existing commercial and industrial cities, they will play a major role as educational cities. On the other hand, in 1982, we started a sister city tie-up with Manukau City in New Zealand (currently Auckland City), and with Chichiharu City in China, Orleans City in France, Tarsa City in the United States, and Pietra Santa City in Italy, respectively, sister cities and friendships. We are actively engaged in citizen-level exchanges for international understanding and peace by forming bonds between cities. During this period, the National High School Championships were held in 1993, the 10th National Cultural Festival Tochigi 95 in 1995, the Japan Women's Conference 96 in 1996, the National Urban Greening Fair in 2006, and the 2007 National Urban Greening Fair. Many nationwide events are also held, such as being the venue for a wasteful national tournament. In 1996, the city celebrated its 100th anniversary since the city was established, and in the same year, it merged with Kamikawachi Town and Kawachi Town in 2007 to become a core city, and became 500,000 cities. The city is the political, economic, and cultural center of Tochigi Prefecture due to its favorable location, traffic conditions, and concentration of various urban functions, and at the same time, it will continue to develop as a base city in the north of the Tokyo metropolitan area. It is located in the center of Tochigi prefecture, about 100 km north of Tokyo, and is located at the northern end of the vast and fertile Kanto plain. The expressway runs through the city and is the central base of the northern Kanto region. Utsunomiya City has an inland climate, carrying the mountains of Nikko, Shiobara, and Nasu to the north. It prospered as a castle town of Utsunomiya Castle, the gate town of Utsunomiya Shrine, and is a town where various cultures are alive, such as the unique landscape of the Oya stone quarry industry and the rooftops and food stalls that remain in rural areas. “Kaminokawa Town” is located in the southeastern part of Tochigi Prefecture, on the right bank of the Kinugawa River, about 90 km from the capital Tokyo. It borders Moka City in the east, Shimotsuke City in the west and south, and Utsunomiya City in the north. The new Route 4 runs almost in the center of the town, and the JR Tohoku Shinkansen and Utsunomiya Line run parallel to the north and south at the western end. It is located in the northern part of the Kanto Plain, 90 km north of the capital Tokyo, and adjacent to the south of the prefectural capital Utsunomiya City. The terrain is almost flat and the altitude is about 60 to 80 m. The Kinugawa River runs south on the border with Moka City in the east, the Egawa River in the center, and the Tagawa River in the west, forming a spacious countryside. The area of the town is 10.5 km north-south, 8.25 km east-west, and the area is 54.39 km2. The entire town is designated as a city planning area. As for transportation, the development of the main road network is underway, including the Kita Kanto Expressway, the new No. 4 national highway running north-south through the center of the town, and the national highway No. 352 and the prefectural road Mooka / Kamimikawa line crossing from east to west. There is also an east exit at Ishibashi Station on the JR Utsunomiya Line. Tagawa River, a source of Mikawa. The running water that caused many disasters was also rehabilitated, and cherry trees were planted on the left bank downstream of the Meiji Bridge on Route 352. In the spring, it becomes a brilliant cherry blossom bank and is a place of relaxation for the local people. In addition, there is Tagawa Fureai Park on the opposite bank. There is a park golf course in the park. Egawa: Since the ancient times called Mikawa no Sato, fertile paddy fields have spread along the Hitosuji River, carrying abundant fruits. Even today, “Koshihikari rice”, which has a unique and sticky flavor, is harvested and is famous as a rice plant. “Dai Dai Shinto Music” : A general term for songs and dances dedicated to God during festivals at shrines. Kagura is a dance dedicated to a shrine, and is one of the pleasures of people who visit the shrine on festival days when there is little entertainment. Even now, each god in the town is dedicated to this kagura dance as a festival. This kagura, which has a history of about 200 years, is called Taita Kagura and is said to be preserved and handed down by the people of the Kagura Preservation Society in the town. Shirasagi Shrine Festival April 15th every year-Kamigo Shrine Festival November 13th every year-Ishida Shrine Festival November 16th every year. Kaminokawa Castle Lord Yokota Family Tomb, Town Historic Site, Designated March 10, 1975: Yorinari, the second son of Yoritsuna, the fifth owner of Utsunomiya, first built a castle in Mr. Yokota (Hyogotsuka, Utsunomiya City) and named himself the Yokota family. Moved. After that, the owner of Kaminokawa Castle was the Yokota family for generations, but when he was the 7th master, in 1380, in the fierce battle of the master Utsunomiya and Koyama in the battle of 裳原 (Mobara, Utsunomiya City), the master and his eldest son. Was seriously injured, so Yuan Dynasty, a younger brother of the rope industry who lives in Imaizumi Township, succeeded the owner of Kaminokawa Castle. This tomb belongs to the Yokota family, the owner of Kaminokawa Castle, and has nine tomb towers under the third generation parent business. The tomb tower is the Hokyointo, which retains the characteristics of the Kamakura and Muromachi periods. Shimotsuke City is located in the northern part of the Kanto Plain, in the central and southern part of Tochigi Prefecture, about 85 km from the city center, and constitutes a part of the metropolitan area. It is about 15.2 km north-south and about 11.5 km east-west. km2. The Kinugawa and Tagawa rivers in the east, and the Shikawa and Sugata rivers in the west flow, and there is not much difference in elevation. A new town centered around Jichiidaieki Station on the JR Utsunomiya Line has expanded to form Shimotsuke City along with Koganei along the Nikko Kaido, the former post town of Ishibashi, and the surrounding countryside. The climate is a warm climate with an average annual temperature of about 14 ° C and an average annual precipitation of about 1,300 mm, hot and humid in the summer, and cold and dry in the winter. It is characterized by a relatively large number. There are traces of inhabitants from the Paleolithic era, and in the Kofun period of the 6th to 7th centuries, a powerful tribe appeared. During the Hakuho period of Emperor Tenmu, Shimotsuke Yakushiji was erected, and the ordination platform, which is one of the three ordination platforms in Japan, was installed. In the 8th century, Shimotsuke Kokubunji Temple and Kokubunji Temple were built by Emperor Shomu, and prospered as the center of Buddhist culture in the ancient Togoku region. During the Edo period, it prospered around the post towns (Koganei-juku and Ishibashi-juku) on the Nikko Kaido, which is one of the five highways, and was taken over by the Japanese National Railways after the Meiji era and developed as a key point of logistics. On January 10, 2006, due to the great merger of Heisei, the three towns of Minamikawachi Town, Ishibashi Town, and Kokubunji Town merged to form “Shimotsuke City”. “Former Minamikawachi Town” was merged with Yoshida Village and Yakushiji Village in April 1955 to become Minamikawachi Village, and became Minamikawachi Town due to the enforcement of the town system in April 1971. The old Ishibashi Town merged with Sugata Village in November 1954 to become the new Ishibashi Town. The former Kokubunji Town enforced the town system in April 1954. “Kosui Pear” : The fruit weighs around 300 g and is slightly rounded. The sugar content is around 12%, and there is almost no acidity. The flesh is white and the flesh is dense, soft and juicy. The harvest season is mid-August in the Kanto region, but in recent years institutional cultivation has become established and it is still in stores in July. The color of the pericarp is a neutral color type in which the development of the cork layer is insufficient compared to the red pear such as “HOSUI Pear”, and especially when cultivated in a facility, the fruit surface tends to be mottled due to conditions such as humidity. The tree vigor belongs to the slightly stronger one, and the epiphyte of short fruit branches is a little small, especially in the young tree age. In addition, the number of flower buds is small, and the number of flower buds is not large as a whole. Nashi pears in Tochigi Prefecture are cultivated in 930 ha in various parts of the prefecture, mainly in Utsunomiya City, Haga Town, and Otawara City, and the production volume is 26,400 tons, which is the fifth largest in Japan. The cultivars are mainly “Kosui Pear” and “Hosui Pear”, accounting for nearly 90% of the total, but the number of large and sweet late-maturing varieties “Nikkori Pear” and new varieties with soft and sweet flesh “Akizuki Pear” is also increasing. The shipping period is from early July, when the harvest of “Kosui Pear” cultivated in the house begins, to Kosui Pear from mid-August, to Hosui Pear from mid-September, and to mid-November of the late-maturing variety “Nikkori Pear”. It's been about 5 months.
According to my beloved NAROPEDIA, the individual number is ヰ-26. It first bears fruit in 1947 and has black spot resistance (as lesions on leaves, petals, fruits, and branches. However, it seems that the small spots of black circles expand to form a concentric ring pattern at the beginning. The leaves are distorted like wavy because the growth of the lesions is stopped. It rarely develops on leaves that are older than a month. Black spots are formed on the petals.) It was first selected in 1949 because of its excellent fruit quality. The tree vigor is medium and the number of branches is rather high. The axillary flower buds are medium, and the short fruit branches are few. The flowering period is late in Japanese pears, and many petal flowers are mixed. It seems to be incompatible with "Nijisseiki Pear" and "Hosui Pear", but with "Sinsui Pear" and "Shugyoku Pear". The size of the fruit is about 250-300g, which is a little small, and the yield seems to be medium. The fruit shape is circular to flat, and the ball alignment is medium. It is a red pear with a neutral skin and is a wase variety harvested in the Kanto region in mid-August. The color of the flesh is white, the heart is small, and fruits with a large number of ventricles are mixed. The meat quality is dense and soft. It has a lot of sweetness, less sourness and astringency, and is juicy, and the quality is excellent. With the establishment of a pruning method mainly for axillary flower buds, it has become widespread, and cultivation has begun in red pear areas such as the Kanto region, and eventually spread nationwide. Currently, the most cultivated Japanese pear variety in Japan, which occupies one-third of the pear cultivation area.
The reason why JA Utsunomiya pears are reliable is that they are rigorously inspected using a fruit sorter that uses an optical sensor, which is rare for pears. As a result of introducing the fruit sorting system, it has become possible to accurately determine the presence or absence of Brix and internal pulp damage, which is a factor that consumers and producers can understand. Brix pure sugar ratio = (Brix by optical rotation meter / Brix by refractometer) × 100 (%). The international sugar content is a scale converted from the optical rotation, and the unit is ° Z.
It is famous that pears are also high quality and delicious, but I would like to introduce you to the excellent fruits that decorate your table. All producers of the JA's Large ball tomatoes have obtained eco-farmer certification. In addition, it seems that the prefecture as a whole has been working on GAP (Agricultural Production Process Management) since 2007. In June 2008, the winter tomato specialty department acquired JGAP (third-party certification) certification, which is the first group certification in Japan as a tomato producing area. In addition, in order to produce high-quality tomatoes, it seems that the floor soil is traditionally cultivated by jointly scavenging the fallen leaves of the mountains in the area in winter and using the fallen leaves that have been aged for more than 3 years as humus soil. In July 2007, we decided to work on JGAP certification for wintering tomatoes, and based on JGAP's 129 items of conformity criteria, we conducted a risk study for the safety of agricultural products and workers, and consideration for the surrounding environment, and greenhouse. It seems that they are cleaning up the workplace, posting at dangerous places, and recording work. In addition, we have created a manual that summarizes cultivation standards and rules regarding residual pesticides. Through these measures, GAP is practiced to avoid accidents, and it is possible to establish high-level cultivation management.
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